In the Harappan Civilization, traces of canals have been found at

In the Harappan Civilization, traces of canals have been found at the site of Shortughai in Afghanistan [2]. Most Harappan settlements were located in semi-arid regions where irrigation was essential for agriculture [2]. While the civilization is renowned for its advanced water management, such as the sophisticated reservoirs found at Dholavira in Gujarat and the dockyard at Lothal, direct evidence of canal systems is rare in the core regions of Punjab or Sindh [2]. Archaeologists suggest that ancient canals in these areas may have silted up over millennia or that water was primarily drawn from wells for irrigation. Shortughai, located near the Oxus River, provides the most definitive archaeological evidence of Harappan canal irrigation [2]. Other sites like Banawali are noted for terracotta models of ploughs rather than canal remains.

Sources

1. [2] https://ncert.nic.in/textbook/pdf/lehs101.pdf