Mulching, an agronomic measure of soil- conservation, is very effective because it 1. protects soil from gully erosion 2. protects soil from sheetwash and wind erosion 3. helps soil to retain moisture and nutrients Select the correct answer using the code given below.

Mulching is an agronomic practice where the bare ground between plants is covered with a layer of organic matter, such as straw, grass, or crop residues. It is highly effective for soil conservation due to the following reasons:

• Erosion Control: It acts as a protective shield that absorbs the impact of raindrops, preventing sheetwash. It also binds the surface soil, protecting it from wind erosion.
• Moisture and Nutrients: The layer reduces water loss through evaporation, helping the soil retain moisture. As organic mulch decomposes, it enriches the soil with nutrients and organic matter.

However, mulching is not a primary solution for gully erosion. Gullies are deep channels formed by concentrated runoff, requiring mechanical or engineering measures such as check dams, contour bunding, or terracing for effective control.