The correct answer is option 1: clothing, food, housing, and transportation.

Option 1 correctly identifies the four great needs of the people as identified by the Guomindang. Let`s break down each need:

1. Clothing: This refers to the basic necessity of having clothing to wear. People need clothes to protect themselves from the elements, maintain modesty, and express their personal style.

2. Food: This refers to the need for sustenance and nutrition. People need access to a sufficient and diverse range of food to ensure their health and well-being.

3. Housing: This refers to the need for a safe and secure place to live. Adequate housing provides shelter, privacy, and a sense of belonging for individuals and families.

4. Transportation: This refers to the need for efficient means of travel. Access to reliable transportation is essential for commuting to work, school, and other important destinations.

Therefore, option 1 accurately encompasses the four essential needs identified by the Guomindang.