The Nehru-Mahalanobis Strategy of Development refers to the economic development strategy adopted by the Indian government under the leadership of Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru and economist Prasanta Chandra Mahalanobis. This strategy aimed at achieving rapid industrialization in India and reducing the country`s dependence on agriculture.
The correct answer to the question is option 2, the Second Five-Year Plan. The Nehru-Mahalanobis Strategy was first implemented during the Second Five-Year Plan (1956-1961) in India. This plan was focused on industrial development and aimed to increase the rate of economic growth in the country. It emphasized the role of heavy industry as a means to promote economic growth and reduce poverty.
While the Nehru-Mahalanobis Strategy continued to influence subsequent Five-Year Plans, it was initially implemented during the Second Five-Year Plan. Therefore, option 2 is the correct answer to the question.