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In the Battle of Buxar, the British defeated a coalition of Indian states known as the League. The question asks us to identify which individual from the given options was not a party to this league.
Option 1: Shuja-ud-daulah. This is a potential candidate as he was the Nawab of Awadh and one of the key participants in the Battle of Buxar. He allied with other Indian states against the British.
Option 2: Shah Alam. This is another potential candidate as he was the Mughal Emperor at that time and had also teamed up with other Indian states to fight against the British.
Option 3: Mir Jafar. This option is the correct answer provided in the question. Mir Jafar was the Nawab of Bengal but he was not a part of the League that participated in the Battle of Buxar.
Option 4: Mir Kasim. This option is irrelevant as the question asks for the person who was not a part of the league defeated in the Battle of Buxar. Mir Kasim was indeed a part of the league, making this option incorrect.
In conclusion, the correct answer is option 3, Mir Jafar, as he was not a party to