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Q14 (CAPF/2023) Geography › Indian Physical Geography › Indian physical features

Consider the following statements: 1. The Great Northern Plains are formed by basins of three distinct river systems — the Indus, the Ganga and the Brahmaputra. 2. They are one of the most densely populated areas on Earth. 3. Between the Yamuna at Delhi and the Bay of Bengal, nearly 1600 km away, there is a drop of only 200 metres in elevation. Which of the statements given above are correct?

Result
Your answer: —  ·  Correct: A
Explanation

The Great Northern Plains of India are formed by the depositional work of three major river systems: the Indus, the Ganga, and the Brahmaputra [1][2][5]. This aggradational plain is one of the most fertile and densely populated regions globally due to its rich alluvial soil, favorable climate, and abundant water supply [1][3]. Geographically, the plains exhibit an extremely gentle gradient. The elevation at the Delhi Ridge, which acts as a water divide, is approximately 200-300 meters [3][4]. As the Ganga flows towards the Bay of Bengal over a distance of nearly 1600 km, the elevation drops to near sea level. This results in a remarkably low slope of about 10-15 cm per kilometer, meaning the total drop in elevation from Delhi to the coast is approximately 200 meters, confirming the featureless nature of this vast alluvial expanse.

Sources

  1. [1] CONTEMPORARY INDIA-I ,Geography, Class IX . NCERT(Revised ed 2025) > Chapter 2: Physical Features of India > The Northern Plain > p. 11
  2. [2] Geography of India ,Majid Husain, (McGrawHill 9th ed.) > Chapter 2: Physiography > THE GREAT PLAINS OF INDIA > p. 30
  3. [5] INDIA PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT, Geography Class XI (NCERT 2025 ed.) > Chapter 2: Structure and Physiography > INDO-GANGA-BRAHMAPUTRA PLAIN > p. 9
  4. [3] INDIA PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT, Geography Class XI (NCERT 2025 ed.) > Chapter 2: Structure and Physiography > The Northern Plains > p. 12
  5. [4] Geography of India ,Majid Husain, (McGrawHill 9th ed.) > Chapter 2: Physiography > 2. The Punjab Haryana Plains > p. 39
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