Consider the following statements : 1. Animal Welfare Board of India is established under the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986. 2. National Tiger Conservation Authority is a statutory body. 3. National Ganga River Basin Authority is chaired by the Prime Minister. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

Reference [1] states AWBI was set up in 1962 under Section 4 of the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals Act, 1960, directly addressing the AWBI’s statutory basis.

High-yield for UPSC: questions often ask the legal basis and year of statutory bodies. Knowing the specific parent Act helps distinguish sectoral institutions (animal welfare vs environment). Connects to governance/legislation topics and helps answer 'which body created under which Act' type MCQs and mains facts. Prepare by memorising key bodies with their founding Acts and years from reliable compendiums.

Multiple references ([2], [5], [8]) describe the EPA 1986 as an enabling environmental law and note agencies set up under it (e.g., CGWA in [8]), clarifying the EPA’s domain and the kinds of bodies it establishes.

Important because UPSC questions test the scope and consequences of landmark Acts (EPA 1986). Knowing EPA is an enabling Act that created environment-regulatory mechanisms (not animal-welfare boards) helps eliminate wrong options. Study approach: map major environmental Acts, their powers, and notable bodies created under them (with examples).

Evidence contrasts AWBI’s creation under the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals Act (reference [1]) with the EPA 1986’s remit and later institutional creations (references [2], [8]), highlighting different legal domains.

Crucial for precision in answer-writing and MCQ elimination—UPSC often tests which body/issue falls under which law. Master by categorising major Acts by subject (wildlife, pollution, animal cruelty) and linking each to bodies/institutions mentioned in standard sources.

The NTCA is described as being constituted by the Amendment Act of 2006, illustrating creation of bodies by statute.

High-yield for Governance/Polity: UPSC often asks differences between constitutional, statutory and executive bodies, their legitimacy and functions. Understanding how Acts create statutory authorities helps answer questions on institutional design, delegation of powers, and accountability. Learn by mapping key bodies to their enabling laws and practising comparative questions.

References show the 2006 amendment to the Wildlife (Protection) Act created/provided for the NTCA and related agencies.

Important for Environment & Governance: Questions often probe statutory frameworks for conservation and the institutions they establish. Knowing which laws set up which authorities aids answers on policy, legal powers, and implementation. Study the Act's major provisions and the bodies it creates for synoptic answers.

One reference indicates State Governments notify tiger reserves on recommendation of the National Tiger Conservation Authority, showing a defined statutory function.

Useful for UPSC mains and prelims: Understanding specific statutory functions (e.g., advisory/recommendatory power vs. executive power) connects to questions on centre-state relations, wildlife governance, and implementation challenges. Prepare by linking functions to institutional setup and real-world examples.

Multiple references show the PM chairs or is ex‑officio chair of high-level national bodies (NGRBA, NITI Aayog, NDMA), directly relevant to the statement.

High-yield for polity questions: UPSC often asks about institutional leadership and who heads key councils/authorities. Understanding this pattern helps answer questions on administrative oversight and inter‑ministerial coordination. Study approach: memorise major bodies chaired by the PM and note statutory vs. advisory bodies; link to chapters on executive powers and national institutions.