Which one of the following statements about the solstices, an event that occurs when the Sun appears to reach most northerly or southerly, is correct?

The solstices occur when the Earth's poles reach their maximum tilt toward or away from the Sun. In the Northern Hemisphere, the summer solstice occurs around June 21, when the North Pole is tilted toward the Sun, resulting in the longest day of the year [3][4]. Simultaneously, the Southern Hemisphere experiences its winter solstice on this date [1][2][3]. Conversely, the summer solstice in the Southern Hemisphere occurs around December 21, when the South Pole is tilted toward the Sun [1]. During this December event, the Northern Hemisphere experiences its winter solstice, characterized by the shortest day and longest night [1][3]. Therefore, the seasons are reversed between the two hemispheres; while June 21 marks summer in the north, it marks winter in the south, and December 21 marks summer in the south while marking winter in the north [3].

Sources

1. [3] Science-Class VII . NCERT(Revised ed 2025) > Chapter 12: Earth, Moon, and the Sun > 12.2.2 Seasons on the Earth > p. 179
2. [4] https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/news/meteorological-versus-astronomical-seasons
3. [1] Physical Geography by PMF IAS, Manjunath Thamminidi, PMF IAS (1st ed.) > Chapter 19: The Motions of The Earth and Their Effects > Winter Solstice > p. 253
4. [2] Physical Geography by PMF IAS, Manjunath Thamminidi, PMF IAS (1st ed.) > Chapter 19: The Motions of The Earth and Their Effects > Summer Solstice > p. 252