Which of the following processes is/are part of the Rock Cycle? 1. Lithification 2. Metamorphism 3. Solidification

The rock cycle is a continuous process where rocks are transformed between igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic states [1]. Lithification is the specific process of consolidation and compaction of sediments to form sedimentary rocks. Metamorphism involves the recrystallization and reorganization of minerals within a rock due to changes in pressure, volume, and temperature, transforming existing rocks into metamorphic ones [2]. Solidification (or crystallization) is the process by which molten magma or lava cools and hardens to form igneous rocks [3]. All three processes are fundamental drivers of the rock cycle, facilitating the transition of earth materials from one rock type to another [1][3]. For instance, igneous rocks can be broken into fragments to form sedimentary rocks via lithification, or buried and subjected to heat and pressure to undergo metamorphism [1].

Sources

1. [1] Physical Geography by PMF IAS, Manjunath Thamminidi, PMF IAS (1st ed.) > Chapter 13: Types of Rocks & Rock Cycle > 13.4. Rock Cycle > p. 174
2. [2] Physical Geography by PMF IAS, Manjunath Thamminidi, PMF IAS (1st ed.) > Chapter 13: Types of Rocks & Rock Cycle > 13.3. Metamorphic Rocks > p. 173
3. [3] Physical Geography by PMF IAS, Manjunath Thamminidi, PMF IAS (1st ed.) > Chapter 13: Types of Rocks & Rock Cycle > 13. Types of Rocks & Rock Cycle > p. 169