Which one among the following computer languages is the oldest?

Based on the historical timeline of programming languages, Fortran (Formula Translation) is the oldest among the given options. It was developed by John Backus and his team at IBM in 1957 as the first high-level language designed for scientific and mathematical computing. In contrast, Prolog was developed later in 1972 as a logic programming language. C++ was created by Bjarne Stroustrup in 1983 (released in 1985) as an extension of the C language to include object-oriented features. Java is the most recent of the group, developed by James Gosling at Sun Microsystems and released in 1995. While earlier concepts like Ada Lovelace's algorithms (1843) and Autocode (1952) existed, Fortran remains the earliest major high-level language still in use today for supercomputing and scientific research.