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Consider the following statements :
1. Many urban and suburban areas experience a higher temperature than surrounding rural areas known as urban heat islands.
2. The reduction in urban green cover and the increase of built-up hard surface is the only cause of urban heat island.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Explanation
Statement 1 is correct: An Urban Heat Island (UHI) occurs when a city experiences much warmer temperatures than nearby rural areas. This temperature difference is primarily due to how well the surfaces in each environment absorb and hold heat.
Statement 2 is incorrect: While the reduction in vegetation (which provides cooling through evapotranspiration) and the increase in hard, dark surfaces (which have low albedo and high heat capacity) are primary drivers, they are not the only causes. Other significant factors include anthropogenic heat (waste heat from vehicles, air conditioners, and industry), urban geometry (tall buildings creating 'urban canyons' that trap heat and block wind), and air pollution (which can trap outgoing longwave radiation).