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Q22 (CDS-II/2024) Geography › World Physical Geography › Seismology and volcanism Answer Verified

Which of the following statements regarding Are Volcanoes is/are correct? 1. Arc volcanoes are found near divergent plate boundaries. 2. Some of the world’s classical examples of cone-shaped stratovolcanoes, such as Mount Fuji in Japan, Mayon in the Philippines are Arc volcanoes. 3. Some of the highest volcanoes on Earth are of the Arc type, notably Nevado Ojos del Salado in the Chilean Andes. Select the answer using the code given below:

Result
Your answer: —  ·  Correct: B
Explanation

Arc volcanoes are primarily associated with convergent plate boundaries, specifically subduction zones, rather than divergent boundaries [2]. Statement 1 is therefore incorrect. Statement 2 is correct as arc volcanism typically produces stratovolcanoes (composite cones) characterized by steep, cone-shaped profiles and explosive eruptions [4]. Classic examples include Mount Fuji in Japan and Mayon in the Philippines, which are part of the Japanese and Philippine island arcs respectively [5]. Statement 3 is also correct; the Andes Mountains, a prime example of a continental volcanic arc formed by the subduction of the Nazca plate, contain some of the highest volcanoes on Earth [6]. Specifically, Nevado Ojos del Salado, located in the Chilean Andes, is recognized as the world's highest active volcano [6]. Thus, only statements 2 and 3 are accurate.

Sources

  1. [2] Physical Geography by PMF IAS, Manjunath Thamminidi, PMF IAS (1st ed.) > Chapter 8: Convergent Boundary > Formation of Continental Arcs > p. 116
  2. [3] Physical Geography by PMF IAS, Manjunath Thamminidi, PMF IAS (1st ed.) > Chapter 12: Hotspot Volcanism > Hotspot Volcano Chain > p. 163
  3. [4] Physical Geography by PMF IAS, Manjunath Thamminidi, PMF IAS (1st ed.) > Chapter 8: Convergent Boundary > Formation of The Indonesian Archipelago > p. 113
  4. [1] Physical Geography by PMF IAS, Manjunath Thamminidi, PMF IAS (1st ed.) > Chapter 8: Convergent Boundary > Formation of The Japanese Island Arc > p. 114
  5. [5] Physical Geography by PMF IAS, Manjunath Thamminidi, PMF IAS (1st ed.) > Chapter 8: Convergent Boundary > Formation of Island Arcs > p. 111
  6. [6] https://education.nationalgeographic.org/resource/plate-tectonics-volcanic-activity/
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