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Which of the following statements as per the Constitution of India is/are correct ? 1. Provision for the reservation of seats for women in the Lok Sabha and the Rajya Sabha has been made vide 106th Amendment of the Constitution. 2. There are provisions for the reservation of seats for women in the Legislative Assemblies and Legislative Councils of the States. 3. There are provisions for the reservation of seats for women in Panchayats. Select the answer using the code given below :
Explanation
Statement 1 is incorrect because the 106th Amendment Act (Nari Shakti Vandan Adhiniyam) provides for reservation of seats for women in the Lok Sabha and State Legislative Assemblies, but not in the Rajya Sabha [3]. Statement 2 is incorrect because while the amendment provides for reservation in State Legislative Assemblies (Vidhan Sabhas), it does not extend to State Legislative Councils (Vidhan Parishads) [3]. Statement 3 is correct as the 73rd and 74th Constitutional Amendment Acts have long provided for not less than one-third reservation for women in Panchayats and urban local bodies [5]. This reservation applies to both general seats and those reserved for SCs/STs, as well as the offices of chairpersons [5]. Therefore, only the third statement is constitutionally accurate regarding the current and newly enacted provisions.
Sources
- [1] Indian Constitution at Work, Political Science Class XI (NCERT 2025 ed.) > Chapter 3: ELECTION AND REPRESENTATION > Chapter 3: Election and Representation > p. 65
- [3] Democratic Politics-II. Political Science-Class X . NCERT(Revised ed 2025) > Chapter 3: Gender, Religion and Caste > Women's political representation > p. 35
- [2] Indian Polity, M. Laxmikanth(7th ed.) > Chapter 39: Panchayati Raj > Salient Features > p. 389
- [5] Indian Constitution at Work, Political Science Class XI (NCERT 2025 ed.) > Chapter 8: LOCAL GOVERNMENTS > Reservations > p. 184
- [4] Laxmikanth, M. Indian Polity. 7th ed., McGraw Hill. > Chapter 39: Panchayati Raj > Salient Features > p. 389