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Q81 (IAS/2024) Polity & Governance โ€บ Governance, Policies & Social Justice โ€บ Election law reforms Official Key

Consider the following statements regarding 'Nari Shakti Vandan Adhiniyam' : 1. Provisions will come into effect from the 18th Lok Sabha. 2. This will be in force for 15 years after becoming an Act. 3. There are provisions for the reservation of seats for Scheduled Castes Women within the quota reserved for the Scheduled Castes. Which of the statements given above are correct ?

Result
Your answer: โ€”  ยท  Correct: C
Explanation

The correct answer is option C because statements 2 and 3 are correct, while statement 1 is incorrect.

**Statement 1 is incorrect**: The reservation will become effective after the publication of the census conducted following the Act's commencement[1], not from the 18th Lok Sabha. While the Act received Presidential assent in September 2023, its implementation is linked to a future census and subsequent delimitation exercise.

**Statement 2 is correct**: The reservation is set to last for 15 years, with provisions for extension by parliamentary action.[2] This establishes a clear timeframe for the reservation policy.

**Statement 3 is correct**: As nearly as may be, one-third of the total number of seats reserved under clause (3) of article 332 shall be reserved for women belonging to the Scheduled Castes or the Scheduled Tribes.[3] This means there is a sub-quota for SC/ST women within the broader SC/ST reservation.

Therefore, only statements 2 and 3 are correct, making option C the right answer.

Sources
  1. [1] https://static.pib.gov.in/WriteReadData/specificdocs/documents/2025/feb/doc2025213501801.pdf
  2. [3] https://egazette.gov.in/WriteReadData/2023/249053.pdf
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Each bar shows the % of students who chose that option. Green bar = correct answer, blue outline = your choice.
Community Performance
Out of everyone who attempted this question.
53%
got it right
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Q. Consider the following statements regarding 'Nari Shakti Vandan Adhiniyam' : 1. Provisions will come into effect from the 18th Lok Sabhaโ€ฆ
At a glance
Origin: Mostly Current Affairs Fairness: Low / Borderline fairness Books / CA: 0/10 ยท 6.7/10

This is a 'Fine Print' question on a headline Act. While newspapers celebrated the passing of the Bill, UPSC tested the specific legal clauses: the 'Commencement Condition' (Census + Delimitation) and the 'Sunset Clause' (15 years). You cannot answer this with general awareness; you needed the specific provisions of the 106th Constitutional Amendment Act.

How this question is built

This question can be broken into the following sub-statements. Tap a statement sentence to jump into its detailed analysis.

Statement 1
Nari Shakti Vandan Adhiniyam: do its provisions take effect from the 18th Lok Sabha?
Origin: Weak / unclear Fairness: Borderline / guessy
Indirect textbook clues
Democratic Politics-II. Political Science-Class X . NCERT(Revised ed 2025) > Chapter 3: Gender, Religion and Caste > Women's political representation > p. 35
Strength: 5/5
โ€œWomen's organizations and activists had been demanding a similar reservation of at least onethird of seats in Lok Sabha and State Assemblies for women. A bill with this proposal was pending before the Parliament for many decades. In 2023, Nari shakti Vandan Adhiniyam (Womens' Reservation Act, 2023) has been passed which will give 33 percent reservation of seats for women in Lok Sabha, State Legislative Assemblies and also Delhi Assembly. Gender division is an example that some form of social division needs to be expressed in politics. This also shows that disadvantaged groups do benefit when social divisions become a political issue.โ€
Why relevant

States explicitly that the Nari Shakti Vandan Adhiniyam (Women's Reservation Act, 2023) provides 33% reservation in the Lok Sabha and State Legislative Assemblies.

How to extend

A student could check the Act's commencement or transitional clauses and compare them with the dates of the 18th Lok Sabha to see if implementation was tied to that Lok Sabha.

Indian Constitution at Work, Political Science Class XI (NCERT 2025 ed.) > Chapter 3: ELECTION AND REPRESENTATION > Chapter 3: Election and Representation > p. 65
Strength: 4/5
โ€œGiven the fact that very few women are elected to representative bodies, the demand for reserving one-third seats for women was articulated for many years. Reservation of seats for women has already been provided for rural and urban local bodies. We shall discuss this in chapter on Local Governments. A similar provision for Lok Sabha and Vidhan Sabhas has been provided through the Nari Shakti Vandan Adhiniyam (Women's Reservation Act, 2023).โ€
Why relevant

Notes that similar reservation for Lok Sabha and Vidhan Sabhas has been provided through the Nari Shakti Vandan Adhiniyam, contrasting it with existing reservations at local bodies.

How to extend

Use this pattern (difference between local-body reservations already in force and a new national Act) to look for whether the Act specified timing (e.g., immediate effect, at next general election, or from a particular Lok Sabha).

Indian Polity, M. Laxmikanth(7th ed.) > Chapter 23: Parliament > Composition of Lok Sabha > p. 224
Strength: 4/5
โ€œLast extension up to 2020 was made by the 95th Amendment Act, 2009. But, the 104th Amendment Act, 2019, has not further extended this provision. In other words, the Amendment discontinued this provision of special representation of the Anglo-Indian community in the Lok Sabha by nomination. Consequently, this provision ceased to have effect on the 25th January, 2020. The allocation of seats in Parliament (both the Rajya Sabha and the Lok Sabha) for states and union territories is given in Table 23.5.โ€
Why relevant

Gives an example where a constitutional amendment explicitly states an effective date (104th Amendment ceased effect on 25 Jan 2020), showing laws/ amendments often specify when they take effect.

How to extend

A student could apply that rule: inspect the Nari Shakti Vandan Adhiniyam text for any specified effective date or clause tying commencement to a Lok Sabha number/date.

Indian Polity, M. Laxmikanth(7th ed.) > Chapter 18: President > ELECTION OF THE PRESIDENT > p. 186
Strength: 3/5
โ€œThe 104th Constitution Amendment Act of 2019 has not extended further the nomination of Angloยทlndian members to the Lok Sabha and State Legislative Assemblies. In other words, the amendment discontinued the provision of special representation of the Angloยทlndian community in the Lok Sabha and State Legislative Assemblies by nomination. Consequently, this provision ceased to have effect on the 25th January 2020. Further, where a n assembly is dissolved, the members cease to be qualified to vote in the presidential elect ion , even if fresh elections to th e dissolved assembly are not held before the preSidentia l election. The Constitution provides that there shall be uniformity in the scale of representation of different states as well as parity between the states as a whole and the Union at the election of the President.โ€
Why relevant

Repeats that the 104th Amendment had a clear cessation date, reinforcing that parliamentary legislation commonly contains explicit commencement/cessation dates.

How to extend

Use this precedent to justify checking the Act for an explicit commencement provision or any link to the timing of a particular Lok Sabha's term.

Statement 2
Nari Shakti Vandan Adhiniyam: is it specified to remain in force for 15 years after it becomes an Act?
Origin: Web / Current Affairs Fairness: CA heavy Web-answerable

Web source
Presence: 5/5
"The reservation will become effective after the publication of the census conducted following the Actโ€™s commencement and endures for a 15-year period, with potential extension determined by parliamentary action."
Why this source?
  • Explicitly states the reservation 'endures for a 15-year period' following the Actโ€™s commencement.
  • Clarifies when the reservation becomes effective (after the census following the Actโ€™s commencement) and notes possible extension by Parliament.
Web source
Presence: 5/5
"The reservation is set to last for 15 years, with provisions for extension by parliamentary action."
Why this source?
  • Directly says the reservation 'is set to last for 15 years', matching the 15-year specification in the statement.
  • Also notes provisions for extension by parliamentary action, reinforcing the limited initial duration.

Introduction to the Constitution of India, D. D. Basu (26th ed.). > Chapter 33: LANGUAGES > 466 INTRODUCTION TO THE CONSTITUTION OF INDIA [CHAP. 33 > p. 466
Strength: 4/5
โ€œEven after the expiry of the above period of 15 years, Parliament may by law provide for the use of - (a) The English language, or (b) The Devanagari form of numerals, for such purposes as may be specified in the law [Article 343]. In short, English would continue to be the official language of the Union side by side with Hindi. Until 1965, and thereafter the use of English for any purpose will depend on Parliamentary legislation. Parliament has made this law by enacting the Official Languages Act, 1963, which will be presently noted. Official Language The Constitution provides for the appointment of a Commission.โ€
Why relevant

Gives a clear example (Official Languages provisions) where the Constitution and subsequent statute tied the continued use of English/Devanagari to a 15โ€‘year transitional period and later parliamentary law.

How to extend

A student could compare the drafting language and transitional clauses of that 15โ€‘year example with the Nari Shakti Vandan Adhiniyam text to see whether a similar timeโ€‘limited clause appears.

Laxmikanth, M. Indian Polity. 7th ed., McGraw Hill. > Chapter 26: Supreme Court > III A Court of Record > p. 293
Strength: 4/5
โ€œThe Act also provides that no court shall initiate any proceedings of contempt after the expiry of one year from the date on which the contempt is alleged to have been committed. Further, this Act is not applicable to contempt of Nyaya Panchayats or other village courts which have been established for the administration of justice.โ€
Why relevant

Shows that other Acts sometimes include explicit temporal limits (example: provision barring contempt proceedings after expiry of one year), illustrating the practice of specifying duration/limits in statute text.

How to extend

Use this as a pattern to look for any explicit 'shall remain in force for X years' or 'expires after X years' clause in the Nari Shakti Vandan Adhiniyam.

Indian Polity, M. Laxmikanth(7th ed.) > Chapter 15: Centre-State Relations > II Parliamentary Legislation in the State Field > p. 147
Strength: 3/5
โ€œThis provision enables the Central government to fulfil its international obligations and commitments. Some examples of laws enacted under the above provision are United Nations (Privileges and Immunities) Act, 1947; Geneva Convention Act, 1960; Anti-Hijacking Act, 1982 and legislations relating to environment and TRJPS. E. During President's Rule When the President's rule is imposed in a state, the Parliament becomes empowered to make laws with respect to any matter in the State List in relation to that state. A law made so by the Parliament continues to be operative even after the president's 'rule'. This means that the period for which such a law remains in force is not coterminous with the duration of the President's rule.โ€
Why relevant

Explains a general rule that laws made under certain circumstances (e.g., during President's Rule) continue beyond the triggering condition, illustrating that statute duration can be expressly tied or not tied to external events.

How to extend

Helps a student decide whether to expect express linkage of the Act's operation to an external period (like '15 years') or independent permanence when reading the Act's clauses.

Democratic Politics-II. Political Science-Class X . NCERT(Revised ed 2025) > Chapter 3: Gender, Religion and Caste > Women's political representation > p. 35
Strength: 3/5
โ€œWomen's organizations and activists had been demanding a similar reservation of at least onethird of seats in Lok Sabha and State Assemblies for women. A bill with this proposal was pending before the Parliament for many decades. In 2023, Nari shakti Vandan Adhiniyam (Womens' Reservation Act, 2023) has been passed which will give 33 percent reservation of seats for women in Lok Sabha, State Legislative Assemblies and also Delhi Assembly. Gender division is an example that some form of social division needs to be expressed in politics. This also shows that disadvantaged groups do benefit when social divisions become a political issue.โ€
Why relevant

Confirms the existence and subject matter of the Nari Shakti Vandan Adhiniyam (Women's Reservation Act, 2023) but contains no duration โ€” illustrating absence of direct support and the need to inspect the Act for temporal clauses.

How to extend

A student can use this to justify checking the enacted text (or official gazette) for any limitedโ€‘duration clause rather than relying on secondary summaries.

Statement 3
Nari Shakti Vandan Adhiniyam: does it provide reservation of seats for Scheduled Castes women within the quota reserved for the Scheduled Castes?
Origin: Web / Current Affairs Fairness: CA heavy Web-answerable

Web source
Presence: 5/5
"one-third of the seats reserved for the Scheduled Castes in the Legislative Assembly of the National Capital Territory of Delhi shall be reserved for women."
Why this source?
  • Explicitly states that one-third of the seats reserved for the Scheduled Castes in Delhi's Legislative Assembly shall be reserved for women.
  • Directly answers whether SC seats include a sub-reservation for SC women under the amendment.
Web source
Presence: 5/5
"As nearly as may be, one-third of the total number of seats reserved under clause (3) of article 332 shall be reserved for women belonging to the Scheduled Castes or the Scheduled Tribes."
Why this source?
  • Specifies that, as nearly as may be, one-third of the seats reserved under article 332 shall be reserved for women belonging to the Scheduled Castes or the Scheduled Tribes.
  • Shows the constitutional insertion makes a one-third sub-reservation for SC/ST women within reserved seats.
Web source
Presence: 5/5
"33 percent of seats within these quotas will be set aside for SC and ST women."
Why this source?
  • Summarizes the amendment saying 33 percent of seats within the existing SC/ST quotas will be set aside for SC and ST women.
  • Provides a clear plain-language confirmation that SC/ST quotas include sub-reservation for women.

Indian Constitution at Work, Political Science Class XI (NCERT 2025 ed.) > Chapter 8: LOCAL GOVERNMENTS > Reservations > p. 184
Strength: 5/5
โ€œOne third of the positions in all panchayat institutions are reserved for women. Reservations for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes are also provided for at all the three levels, in proportion to their population. If the States find it necessary, they can also provide for reservations for the other backward classes (OBCs). It is important to note that these reservations apply not merely to ordinary members in Panchayats but also to the positions of Chairpersons or 'Adhyakshas' at all the three levels. Further, reservation of one-third of the seats for women is not merely in the general category of seats but also within the seats reserved for Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes and backward castes.โ€
Why relevant

States a clear rule for panchayats: one-third reservation for women applies not merely in general category but also within seats reserved for SCs, STs and OBCs.

How to extend

A student could treat this as a precedentary pattern of how women-reservation laws have been applied and check whether the Nari Shakti Act uses the same drafting approach/phrasing for Lok Sabha/Assemblies.

Introduction to the Constitution of India, D. D. Basu (26th ed.). > Chapter 18: PANCHAYATS > Reservation of seats for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes. > p. 319
Strength: 5/5
โ€œArticle 243D provides that seats are to be reserved for: (a) Scheduled Castes, and (b) Scheduled Tribes. The reservation shall be in proportion to their population. If, for example, the Scheduled Castes constitute 30% of the population and the Scheduled Tribes 21%, then 30% and 21% seats shall be reserved for them respectively. Out of the seats so reserved, not less than one-third of the seats shall be reserved for women belonging to Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes, respectively. These reservations favouring the Scheduled Castes and Tribes shall cease to be operative as specified in Article 334 (at present 80 years, i.e., upto 24 January 2030).^{2} A State may by law also reserve seats or offices of Chairpersons in the Panchayat at any level in favour of backward classes of citizens.โ€
Why relevant

Explains Article 243D: out of seats reserved for SCs/STs in panchayats, not less than one-third must be reserved for women of those groups.

How to extend

Use this constitutional provision as an example of an explicit rule that could be analogously applied at parliamentary level if the Act or enabling provisions mirror such constitutional language.

Indian Polity, M. Laxmikanth(7th ed.) > Chapter 40: Municipalities > Salient Features > p. 400
Strength: 4/5
โ€œFurther, it provides for the reservation of not less than one-third of the total number of seats for women (including the number of seats reserved for women belonging to the SCs and the STs). The state legislature may provide for the manner of reservation of offices of chairpersons in the municipalities for SCs, STS and women. It may also make any provision for the reservation of seats in any municipality or offices of chairpersons in municipalities in favour of backward classes. The reservation of seats as well as the reservation of offices of chairpersons in the municipalities for the scheduled castes and scheduled tribes shall cease to have effect after the expiration of the period specified in Article 334 (which is presently eighty years, that is, till 2030).โ€
Why relevant

Notes municipalities' one-third women reservation 'including the number of seats reserved for women belonging to the SCs and the STs' โ€” the phrasing 'including' shows an explicit inclusion model.

How to extend

Compare the exact wording of the Nari Shakti Act to see if it likewise uses inclusive phrasing; similar wording would support inference that SC-women get seats within SC quotas.

Democratic Politics-II. Political Science-Class X . NCERT(Revised ed 2025) > Chapter 3: Gender, Religion and Caste > Women's political representation > p. 35
Strength: 4/5
โ€œWomen's organizations and activists had been demanding a similar reservation of at least onethird of seats in Lok Sabha and State Assemblies for women. A bill with this proposal was pending before the Parliament for many decades. In 2023, Nari shakti Vandan Adhiniyam (Womens' Reservation Act, 2023) has been passed which will give 33 percent reservation of seats for women in Lok Sabha, State Legislative Assemblies and also Delhi Assembly. Gender division is an example that some form of social division needs to be expressed in politics. This also shows that disadvantaged groups do benefit when social divisions become a political issue.โ€
Why relevant

States that the Nari Shakti Vandan Adhiniyam grants 33% reservation for women in Lok Sabha and State Assemblies (i.e., the Act creates general women reservation at parliamentary level).

How to extend

Combine this fact with the local-government pattern (snippets 1/4/6) to form a hypothesis: if the Act follows local-government drafting practice, it may preserve women-reservation inside existing SC/ST reserved seats; check the Act's scheduling/definitions.

Indian Polity, M. Laxmikanth(7th ed.) > Chapter 23: Parliament > Reservation of Seats for SCs and STs > p. 225
Strength: 3/5
โ€œbeen extended continuously since then by 10 years each time. Now, under the 104th Amendment Act of 2019, this reservation is to last until 2030. Though seats are reserved for scheduled castes and scheduled tribes, they are elected by all the voters in a constituency, without any separate electorate. A member of scheduled castes and scheduled tribes is also not debarred from contesting a general (non-reserved) seat. The 84th Amendment Act of 2001 provided for refixing of the reserved seats on the basis of the population figures of 1991 census as applied to rationalisation of the general seats. Later, the 87th Amendment Act of 2003 provided for the refixing of the reserved seats on the basis of 2001 census and not 1991 census.โ€
Why relevant

Describes that seats are reserved for SCs/STs in Parliament and those seats are elected by all voters; shows the pre-existing mechanism for SC/ST reservation at parliamentary level.

How to extend

A student can use this to reason that adding a 33% women quota for Lok Sabha requires clarification on interaction with existing SC/ST reserved seats โ€” so inspecting whether the Act specifies internal allocation (e.g., one-third of SC-reserved seats) would resolve the question.

Pattern takeaway: UPSC consistently tests the 'Implementation Lag' in major reforms. If a law requires a Census or Delimitation before kicking in, that delay is a prime target for a True/False statement. Always check the 'Commencement' section of a new Act.
How you should have studied
  1. [THE VERDICT]: Trap. Statement 1 is the killer. The Act passed in 2023, but the 'Delimitation + Census' condition meant it could not apply to the 2024 (18th) Lok Sabha elections.
  2. [THE CONCEPTUAL TRIGGER]: Constitutional Amendment Acts (specifically the 106th CAA) and Article 334 (Reservation time limits).
  3. [THE HORIZONTAL EXPANSION]: Memorize the exclusions: The Act does NOT apply to Rajya Sabha or State Legislative Councils. Memorize the Articles: 330A (Lok Sabha), 332A (State Assemblies), 334A (Sunset/Commencement). Memorize the OBC factor: Unlike Local Bodies (73rd/74th Amd), this Act does NOT provide a sub-quota for OBC women.
  4. [THE STRATEGIC METACOGNITION]: When a major law passes, run the 'Polity 5' check: 1. Effective Date (Immediate or Conditional?), 2. Duration (Permanent or Sunset?), 3. Scope (LS/RS/State?), 4. Sub-quotas (SC/ST/OBC?), 5. Rotation (Are seats fixed or rotated?).
Concept hooks from this question
๐Ÿ“Œ Adjacent topic to master
S1
๐Ÿ‘‰ Women's reservation in Lok Sabha and Vidhan Sabhas (33%)
๐Ÿ’ก The insight

The Nari Shakti Vandan Adhiniyam, 2023 provides for one-third (33%) reservation of seats in the Lok Sabha and State Legislative Assemblies.

High-yield: this is a major electoral reform affecting representation, party candidate selection and gender politics. It connects to constitutional and legislative processes, electoral law, and public policy questions; useful for essays and polity questions on representation and reform.

๐Ÿ“š Reading List :
  • Democratic Politics-II. Political Science-Class X . NCERT(Revised ed 2025) > Chapter 3: Gender, Religion and Caste > Women's political representation > p. 35
  • Indian Constitution at Work, Political Science Class XI (NCERT 2025 ed.) > Chapter 3: ELECTION AND REPRESENTATION > Chapter 3: Election and Representation > p. 65
๐Ÿ”— Anchor: "Nari Shakti Vandan Adhiniyam: do its provisions take effect from the 18th Lok Sa..."
๐Ÿ“Œ Adjacent topic to master
S1
๐Ÿ‘‰ Reservation in local bodies versus higher legislatures
๐Ÿ’ก The insight

Reservation for women existed earlier in rural and urban local bodies and the 2023 Act extends similar reservation to Parliament and Vidhan Sabhas.

Important for comparing governance tiers: highlights how policies are piloted or implemented differently at local versus state/national levels. Useful for questions on decentralisation, Panchayati Raj, and the political impact of reservation policies.

๐Ÿ“š Reading List :
  • Indian Constitution at Work, Political Science Class XI (NCERT 2025 ed.) > Chapter 3: ELECTION AND REPRESENTATION > Chapter 3: Election and Representation > p. 65
๐Ÿ”— Anchor: "Nari Shakti Vandan Adhiniyam: do its provisions take effect from the 18th Lok Sa..."
๐Ÿ“Œ Adjacent topic to master
S1
๐Ÿ‘‰ Historical demand and advocacy for women's reservation
๐Ÿ’ก The insight

Women's organisations and activists campaigned for decades for reservation of one-third seats in legislatures, providing the socio-political basis for the 2023 law.

Helps answer questions on policy origins, role of social movements, and stakeholder influence in lawmaking; useful for prelims and mains where background and drivers of reform are asked.

๐Ÿ“š Reading List :
  • Democratic Politics-II. Political Science-Class X . NCERT(Revised ed 2025) > Chapter 3: Gender, Religion and Caste > Women's political representation > p. 35
๐Ÿ”— Anchor: "Nari Shakti Vandan Adhiniyam: do its provisions take effect from the 18th Lok Sa..."
๐Ÿ“Œ Adjacent topic to master
S2
๐Ÿ‘‰ Women's reservation in legislatures (Nari Shakti Vandan Adhiniyam)
๐Ÿ’ก The insight

The Nari Shakti Vandan Adhiniyam implements one-third (33%) reservation of seats for women in Lok Sabha and State Legislative Assemblies.

High-yield for polity and governance topics: connects gender policy, representation, and electoral law; useful for questions on affirmative action, legislative reforms, and comparative reservation frameworks. Mastering this helps answer questions on the scope and modalities of reservation laws and their political implications.

๐Ÿ“š Reading List :
  • Democratic Politics-II. Political Science-Class X . NCERT(Revised ed 2025) > Chapter 3: Gender, Religion and Caste > Women's political representation > p. 35
  • Indian Constitution at Work, Political Science Class XI (NCERT 2025 ed.) > Chapter 3: ELECTION AND REPRESENTATION > Chapter 3: Election and Representation > p. 65
  • Democratic Politics-I. Political Science-Class IX . NCERT(Revised ed 2025) > Chapter 3: ELECTORAL POLITICS > Vo t ers' list > p. 40
๐Ÿ”— Anchor: "Nari Shakti Vandan Adhiniyam: is it specified to remain in force for 15 years af..."
๐Ÿ“Œ Adjacent topic to master
S2
๐Ÿ‘‰ Sunset clauses and specified-duration provisions in law
๐Ÿ’ก The insight

Certain constitutional arrangements or statutes are given a fixed duration (for example, a 15-year transitional period for language provisions) and require further legislation to continue beyond that period.

Important for constitutional law topics: explains how time-limited provisions operate, the role of Parliament in extending or modifying temporary measures, and connections to Articles that create transitional arrangements. Helps answer questions on continuity, amendment, and temporary constitutional provisions.

๐Ÿ“š Reading List :
  • Introduction to the Constitution of India, D. D. Basu (26th ed.). > Chapter 33: LANGUAGES > 466 INTRODUCTION TO THE CONSTITUTION OF INDIA [CHAP. 33 > p. 466
๐Ÿ”— Anchor: "Nari Shakti Vandan Adhiniyam: is it specified to remain in force for 15 years af..."
๐Ÿ“Œ Adjacent topic to master
S2
๐Ÿ‘‰ Continuity of laws enacted under special circumstances (President's Rule)
๐Ÿ’ก The insight

Laws made by Parliament during President's Rule with respect to a State continue to be operative even after the period of President's Rule ends.

Crucial for centre-state relations and legislative competence: clarifies the effect and duration of central legislation in state matters during exceptional periods, and prepares aspirants for questions on federalism, legislative lists, and the aftermath of President's Rule.

๐Ÿ“š Reading List :
  • Indian Polity, M. Laxmikanth(7th ed.) > Chapter 15: Centre-State Relations > II Parliamentary Legislation in the State Field > p. 147
  • Laxmikanth, M. Indian Polity. 7th ed., McGraw Hill. > Chapter 15: Centre State Relations > II Parliamentary Legislation in the State Field > p. 147
๐Ÿ”— Anchor: "Nari Shakti Vandan Adhiniyam: is it specified to remain in force for 15 years af..."
๐Ÿ“Œ Adjacent topic to master
S3
๐Ÿ‘‰ Womenโ€™s reservation can include sub-reservation for SC/ST
๐Ÿ’ก The insight

Oneโ€‘third reservation for women is applied not only to general seats but also within the seats reserved for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes in local bodies.

Highโ€‘yield for UPSC because it clarifies how intersecting reservation categories operate (gender + caste) and helps answer questions about allocation rules and representation design. Connects to constitutional provisions on local government reservations and to debates on intersectional representation; enables questions comparing reservation modalities across levels of government.

๐Ÿ“š Reading List :
  • Indian Constitution at Work, Political Science Class XI (NCERT 2025 ed.) > Chapter 8: LOCAL GOVERNMENTS > Reservations > p. 184
  • Introduction to the Constitution of India, D. D. Basu (26th ed.). > Chapter 18: PANCHAYATS > Reservation of seats for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes. > p. 319
  • Indian Polity, M. Laxmikanth(7th ed.) > Chapter 39: Panchayati Raj > Salient Features > p. 389
๐Ÿ”— Anchor: "Nari Shakti Vandan Adhiniyam: does it provide reservation of seats for Scheduled..."
๐ŸŒ‘ The Hidden Trap

The reservation for women does NOT apply to the Rajya Sabha or State Legislative Councils. This is a major difference from the Local Bodies (Panchayats/Municipalities) where reservation applies to Chairpersons, but here it is strictly for direct elections to the Lower House.

โšก Elimination Cheat Code

Logistical Impossibility: Statement 1 claims it applies to the 18th Lok Sabha (2024). The Act passed in late 2023. Delimitation (redrawing boundaries) takes years. It is administratively impossible to redraw 543 constituencies in 3 months. Thus, Statement 1 must be False. Eliminate options A, B, and D. Answer is C.

๐Ÿ”— Mains Connection

Link this to the 'Delimitation Freeze' (GS2). The implementation of this Act is legally hostage to the next Census and subsequent Delimitation Commission. This connects to the North-South divide debates regarding population-based seat allocation.

โœ“ Thank you! We'll review this.

SIMILAR QUESTIONS

CDS-I ยท 2010 ยท Q66 Relevance score: 1.65

Consider the following statements 1. The total elective membership of the Lok Sabha is distributed among the States on the basis of the population and the area of the State. 2. The 84th Amendment Act of the Constitution of India lifted the freeze on the delimitation of constituencies imposed by the 42nd Amendment. Which of the statements given above is/are correct ?

NDA-II ยท 2009 ยท Q9 Relevance score: 1.17

Consider the following statements: 1. Muhammad Hamdulla Sayeed, elected from Lakshadweep parliamentary constituency, is the youngest MP in the 15th Lok Sabha. 2. Agatha K. Sangma is the youngest Union Minister in the 15th Lok. Sabha who represents Shillong parliamentary constituency. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

IAS ยท 2018 ยท Q1 Relevance score: 1.14

Consider the following statements : 1. In the first Lok Sabha, the single largest party in the opposition was the Swatantra Party. 2. In the Lok Sabha, a "Leader of the Opposition" was recognised for the first time in 1969. 3. In the Lok Sabha, if a party does not have a minimum of 75 members, its leader cannot be recognised as the Leader of the Opposition. Which of the statements given above is/are correct ?

CDS-II ยท 2025 ยท Q4 Relevance score: 1.08

Which of the following statements as per the Constitution of India is/are correct ? 1. Provision for the reservation of seats for women in the Lok Sabha and the Rajya Sabha has been made vide 106th Amendment of the Constitution. 2. There are provisions for the reservation of seats for women in the Legislative Assemblies and Legislative Councils of the States. 3. There are provisions for the reservation of seats for women in Panchayats. Select the answer using the code given below :