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Q51 (CDS-II/2026) Science & Technology › Basic Science (Physics, Chemistry, Biology)

Three resistors, R1, R2 and R3, (R] > R2 > R3), are connected to a battery of voltage V, such that the circuit generates maximum heat per unit time. Which one among the following is the correct circuit combination for this ?

Result
Your answer: —  ·  Correct: B

Explanation

Heat generated per unit time in an electrical circuit is equivalent to power (P). The relationship between power, voltage (V), and equivalent resistance (Req) is given by the formula: P = V2 / Req.

Since the voltage V is constant, the power P is inversely proportional to the equivalent resistance. To generate maximum heat, the circuit must have the minimum equivalent resistance.

  • In a series combination, Req = R1 + R2 + R3, which results in the maximum possible resistance.
  • In a parallel combination, 1/Req = 1/R1 + 1/R2 + 1/R3. The equivalent resistance in parallel is always less than the smallest individual resistance (Req < R3).

Therefore, the parallel combination provides the lowest equivalent resistance and consequently the highest heat generation per unit time.

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