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The Chipko Movement is related to which one of the following issues ?
Explanation
The Chipko Movement was a non-violent social and ecological movement that began in 1973 in the Chamoli district of Uttarakhand (then part of Uttar Pradesh). It was primarily directed against commercial logging and large-scale deforestation sanctioned by the government.
The movement is famous for its "hug the trees" tactic, where local villagers—predominantly women like Gaura Devi—physically embraced trees to prevent contractors from felling them. Leaders like Sunderlal Bahuguna and Chandi Prasad Bhatt played pivotal roles. The protest emphasized that local communities have a primary stake in their natural resources and highlighted the link between environmental conservation and rural livelihoods. It successfully resulted in a 15-year ban on commercial felling in the Himalayan forests of Uttar Pradesh, issued in 1980.