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Which of the following statements with reference to the evolution of the Lithosphere is/are correct ?
1. Due to the gradual increase in density, the temperature inside the Earth had increased.
2. In the process of evolution, the material inside the Earth started getting separated depending upon their densities.
Select the answer using the code given below :
Explanation
Both statements are correct as they describe the process of differentiation during the Earth's early history. According to NCERT Class 11 Fundamentals of Physical Geography, the Earth was in a volatile state during its primordial stage. Due to a gradual increase in density, the internal temperature increased, leading to the melting of materials. This allowed the material inside the Earth to separate based on density; heavier materials like iron sank toward the center to form the core, while lighter materials moved toward the surface. This process of differentiation eventually led to the formation of distinct layers: the crust (lithosphere), mantle, and core. The cooling and solidification of the outermost layer resulted in the evolution of the lithosphere.