Change set
Pick exam & year, then Go.
Question map
Which one among the following is not included among the mahajanapadas in the early Buddhist literature ?
Explanation
In early Buddhist literature, specifically the Anguttara Nikaya (a part of the Sutta Pitaka), there is a mention of sixteen great kingdoms known as the Sodasa Mahajanapadas that flourished in the 6th century BCE. These sixteen are: Anga, Magadha, Kasi, Kosala, Vajji, Malla, Chedi, Vatsa, Kuru, Panchala, Matsya, Surasena, Assaka, Avanti, Gandhara, and Kamboja.
Kalinga, located in modern-day Odisha, was a significant ancient kingdom and is mentioned in various other historical and epic texts (like the Mahabharata). However, it is not included in the standard canonical list of the sixteen Mahajanapadas provided in early Buddhist scriptures or the Jain text Bhagavati Sutra. Thus, Vajji, Gandhara, and Avanti are part of the list, while Kalinga is not.