Consider the following statements : 1. Rocks do not remain in their original form for long and undergo transformation. 2. Transformation of rocks is caused by weathering, erosion and metamorphic action. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

The rock cycle is a continuous process where rocks do not remain in their original form for long and undergo constant transformation [1]. Statement 1 is correct as old rocks are transformed into new ones through various geological processes [1]. Statement 2 is also correct because the transformation of rocks is driven by several mechanisms. Weathering and erosion are degradational processes that break down igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary rocks into fragments to form new sedimentary rocks [4]. Metamorphic action, or metamorphism, involves the recrystallization and reorganization of minerals within a rock due to changes in pressure, volume, and temperature, effectively changing its form [3]. These combined processes ensure that rocks are recycled between igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic states over geological time.

Sources

1. [1] Physical Geography by PMF IAS, Manjunath Thamminidi, PMF IAS (1st ed.) > Chapter 13: Types of Rocks & Rock Cycle > 13.4. Rock Cycle > p. 174
2. [4] FUNDAMENTALS OF PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY, Geography Class XI (NCERT 2025 ed.) > Chapter 5: Geomorphic Processes > EROSION AND DEPOSITION > p. 43
3. [2] Physical Geography by PMF IAS, Manjunath Thamminidi, PMF IAS (1st ed.) > Chapter 13: Types of Rocks & Rock Cycle > 13.3. Metamorphic Rocks > p. 173
4. [3] Certificate Physical and Human Geography , GC Leong (Oxford University press 3rd ed.) > Chapter 2: The Earth's Crust > METAMORPHIC ROCKS > p. 19