The question is asking to which historical period the provided map pertains. The options connect the map to four different periods in India`s history.

Option 1 suggests it shows the territories ruled by Kanishka, a ruler of the Kushan Empire in the 2nd century CE., at the time of his death.

Option 2 suggests it depicts the territories ruled by Samudragupta, a prominent ruler of the Gupta Empire in the fourth century CE, after his successful South Indian campaign.

Option 3 suggests it presents the territories under the control of Ashoka the Great, a Mauryan Empire ruler in the third century BCE, towards the end of his reign.

Option 4 proposes it indicates the extent of the Thaneswar Empire just before Harsha`s accession. Harsha was a ruler in the 7th century CE.

The correct answer is option 3 which states that the map is related to Ashoka`s empire. This means the depicted geographic extent and divisions align with what is known about the Mauryan empire`s size and boundaries during Ashoka`s rule.