The correct answer is option 4: The Parliament of India. In India, the power to increase the number of judges in the Supreme Court lies with the Parliament. The Parliament, which consists of two houses - the Lok Sabha (House of the People) and the Rajya Sabha (Council of States), is responsible for making and amending laws in the country.
The Supreme Court is the highest judicial authority in India and plays a crucial role in the justice system. The number of judges in the Supreme Court is determined by the Parliament through legislative action. This means that if there is a need to increase the number of judges in the Supreme Court to handle the workload or improve efficiency, the Parliament has the authority to pass a law to make that change.
It is important to note that the President of India, the Chief Justice of India, and the Union Ministry of Law do not have the power to increase the number of judges in the Supreme Court. This power solely rests with the Parliament of India.