The Indian Army undertook Operation Meghdoot to establish Indian control over

Operation Meghdoot was the codename for the Indian Army's military operation launched on April 13, 1984, to establish control over the Siachen Glacier in the Ladakh region [1]. Before this, neither India nor Pakistan had a permanent presence in the area, but Pakistan began encouraging foreign mountaineering expeditions to reinforce its claims [3]. To preempt a Pakistani military move (Operation Ababeel), India launched Operation Meghdoot, successfully securing the strategic Saltoro Ridge and major passes like Sia La and Bilafond La [3]. This operation transformed the Siachen Glacier into the world's highest battlefield, where India maintains a strategic wedge between Pakistan-occupied Kashmir and China-controlled Aksai Chin [1]. While other disputes like Sir Creek exist between the two nations, Operation Meghdoot specifically pertains to the Siachen conflict.

Sources

1. [1] Rajiv Ahir. A Brief History of Modern India (2019 ed.). SPECTRUM. > Chapter 39: After Nehru... > India's Man in Space > p. 715
2. [3] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operation_Meghdoot
3. [2] Geography of India ,Majid Husain, (McGrawHill 9th ed.) > Chapter 16: India–Political Aspects > The Siachin/Aksai chin Glacier Dispute > p. 39