Madhyamika Karika, the basic text of Madhyamika School, was composed by

The Madhyamika Karika, also known as the Mulamadhyamakakarika (Fundamental Verses on the Middle Way), is the foundational text of the Madhyamaka school of Mahayana Buddhism. It was composed by Nagarjuna, a seminal Buddhist philosopher who lived around the 2nd–3rd centuries CE [2]. In this work, Nagarjuna subjects all phenomena to radical analysis, declaring them empty (sunya) of inherent nature (svabhava) and emphasizing the doctrine of dependent origination. While other figures like Asanga and Vasubandhu were central to the Yogacara school [3], and Dharmakirti was a later master of Buddhist logic, Nagarjuna is universally credited with establishing the Madhyamaka system through this text. The work serves as a grand commentary on the Middle Way, influencing centuries of Buddhist thought across India, Tibet, and East Asia [1].

Sources

1. [2] History , class XI (Tamilnadu state board 2024 ed.) > Chapter 7: The Guptas > Buddhist Literature > p. 99
2. [3] History , class XI (Tamilnadu state board 2024 ed.) > Chapter 7: The Guptas > 7.2 Samudragupta > p. 92
3. [1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C5%ABlamadhyamakak%C4%81rik%C4%81