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Q14 (CDS-II/2016) Geography › World Physical Geography › Seismology and volcanism Answer Verified

With reference to earthquakes, which of the following statements are correct? 1. Earthquakes largely occur along the converging plate boundaries. 2. Point of origin of earthquake in lithosphere is known as focus/ hypocentre. 3. Intensity of earthquake decreases with distance from the epicentre. 4. Epicentre of earthquake always remains over continents only. Select the correct answer using the code given below.

Result
Your answer: —  Â·  Correct: B
Explanation

Earthquakes are primarily concentrated along plate boundaries, particularly convergent (subduction) zones where intense geologic processes like crustal deformation occur [3]. The point of origin within the lithosphere where the rupture begins is termed the focus or hypocentre [7]. The point on the Earth's surface directly above this focus is the epicentre [7]. Seismic intensity is highest at the epicentre and naturally decreases with distance due to attenuation, similar to ripples in water [7]. Statement 4 is incorrect because epicentres are not restricted to continents; they frequently occur in oceanic regions, such as along the Mid-Atlantic Ridge (divergent) or oceanic trenches (convergent) [5]. For instance, the Pacific Ring of Fire and subduction zones involve oceanic plates where epicentres are located underwater [5]. Therefore, statements 1, 2, and 3 are correct.

Sources

  1. [2] Environment and Ecology, Majid Hussain (Access publishing 3rd ed.) > Chapter 8: Natural Hazards and Disaster Management > convergent plate Boundaries and the nepal quake > p. 26
  2. [3] Physical Geography by PMF IAS, Manjunath Thamminidi, PMF IAS (1st ed.) > Chapter 8: Convergent Boundary > Earthquakes > p. 124
  3. [1] Geography of India ,Majid Husain, (McGrawHill 9th ed.) > Chapter 17: Contemporary Issues > Earthquakes > p. 8
  4. [7] https://www.usgs.gov/glossary/earthquake-hazards-program
  5. [4] Physical Geography by PMF IAS, Manjunath Thamminidi, PMF IAS (1st ed.) > Chapter 8: Convergent Boundary > 8.2. Continent-Ocean (C-O) Convergence or The Cordilleran Convergence > p. 116
  6. [5] Physical Geography by PMF IAS, Manjunath Thamminidi, PMF IAS (1st ed.) > Chapter 14: Earthquakes > Plate Tectonics > p. 178
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SIMILAR QUESTIONS

CDS-I · 2014 · Q93 Relevance score: 4.68

Which of the following statements relating to earthquakes is/are correct? 1. The point of origin of an earthquake is called the epicenter. 2. The lines joining the places which were affected by earthquake at the same point of time are called homoseismal lines. Select the correct answer using the code given below.

NDA-II · 2025 · Q115 Relevance score: 3.01

Which of the following statements with reference to shadow zones in an event of an earthquake is/are correct ? 1. Zone between 105° and 145° from epicentre was identified as the shadow zone for both P-waves and S-waves 2. The shadow zone of P-waves is much larger than that of the S-waves Select the answer using the code given below :

IAS · 2001 · Q59 Relevance score: 2.79

Consider the following statements regarding the earthquakes : I. The intensity of earthquake is measured on Mercalli scale. II. The magnitude of an earthquake is a measure of energy released. III. Earthquake magnitudes are based on direct measurements of the amplitude of seismic waves. IV. In the Richter scale, each whole number demonstrates a hundredfold increase in the amount of energy released. Which of these statements are correct ?

CDS-I · 2025 · Q1 Relevance score: 2.65

Consider the following statements with reference to Secondary waves (S-Waves) generated during an earthquake : 1. They create troughs and crests in the material through which they pass. 2. The direction of vibrations of S-waves is perpendicular to the wave direction in the vertical plane. Which of the statements given above is/are correct ?

NDA-I · 2022 · Q69 Relevance score: 2.56

Which of the following statements in respect of landslides are correct? 1. These occur only on gentle slopes during rain. 2. They generally occur in clay-rich soil. 3. Earthquakes trigger landslides. Select the correct answer using the code given below.