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Q62 (IAS/2012) History & Culture › Modern India (Pre-1857) › Land revenue settlements Answer Verified

With reference to Ryotwari Settlement, consider the following statements: 1. The rent was paid directly by the peasants to the Government 2. The Government gave Pattas to the Ryots 3. The lands were surveyed and assessed before being taxed. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

Result
Your answer: —  Â·  Correct: C
Explanation

The Ryotwari Settlement, introduced by Sir Thomas Munro and Alexander Reed in 1820, established a direct relationship between the government and the cultivators (ryots) [5]. Under this system, the rent or land revenue was paid directly by the peasants to the government, bypassing intermediaries like zamindars [3]. To formalize this arrangement, the government issued 'pattas' to the ryots, which served as legal documents confirming their ownership and occupancy rights [1]. Unlike the Permanent Settlement, the Ryotwari system was based on a more 'scientific' approach where lands were surveyed and their revenue potential was assessed before the tax was fixed [4]. This assessment was not permanent and was subject to periodic revision every 20 to 30 years [1]. Thus, all three statements accurately describe the fundamental characteristics of the Ryotwari system as implemented in the Madras and Bombay Presidencies.

Sources

  1. [3] Indian Economy, Nitin Singhania .(ed 2nd 2021-22) > Chapter 10: Land Reforms in India > II. Ryotwari System > p. 337
  2. [5] History , class XI (Tamilnadu state board 2024 ed.) > Chapter 17: Effects of British Rule > 17.2 Land Tenures: Permanent Settlement and Ryotwari Settlement > p. 266
  3. [2] History , class XII (Tamilnadu state board 2024 ed.) > Chapter 9: Envisioning a New Socio-Economic Order > a) Zamindari Abolition > p. 117
  4. [1] Indian Economy, Vivek Singh (7th ed. 2023-24) > Chapter 5: Land Reforms > Features: > p. 191
  5. [4] Modern India ,Bipin Chandra, History class XII (NCERT 1982 ed.)[Old NCERT] > Chapter 5: The Structure of the Government and the Economic Policies of the British Empire in India, 1757—1857 > Land Revenue Policy > p. 105
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SIMILAR QUESTIONS

IAS · 2024 · Q57 Relevance score: 4.29

With reference to revenue collection by Cornwallis, consider the following statements : 1. Under the Ryotwari Settlement of revenue collection, the peasants were exempted from revenue payment in case of bad harvests or natural calamities. 2. Under the Permanent Settlement in Bengal, if the Zamindar failed to pay his revenues to the state, on or before the fixed date, he would be removed from his Zamindari. Which of the statements given above is/are correct ?

CDS-II · 2010 · Q84 Relevance score: 1.94

Which of the following statements about Ryotwari settlement is/are correct? 1. It recognized the cultivators as the owner of land. 2. It was a temporary settlement. 3. It was introduced later than the permanent settlement. Select the correct answer using the code given below :

CDS-I · 2021 · Q16 Relevance score: 1.92

Which one of the following statements with regard to ryotwari settlement is not correct ?

NDA-II · 2013 · Q40 Relevance score: 1.11

Which of the following statements about Ryotwari system is/are correct ? 1. The govememnt collected the revenue directly from the individual cultivators 2. The cultivators were not recognized in law as the owners of the land Select the correct answer using the code given below:

CAPF · 2010 · Q99 Relevance score: 0.99

The question is based on the following passage : The permanent settlement vested the land ownership right in the zamindars, who previously enjoyed only revenue collecting rights. Therefore, those who lost out in this settlement were the peasants, who were left at the mercy of the zamindars. The customary occupancy right was ignored and they were reduced to the status of tenants. The provision of patta, or written agreement between the peasant and the zamindar providing a record of the amount of rent to be paid, was rarely followed by the zamindars. Nor was it liked by the peasants who always feared to lose in any formal record of rights and obligations, The burden of high revenue assessment was thus shifted to the peasants, who were often also called upon to pay illegal cesses. The subsequent regulations of 1799 and 1812 gave the zamindars the right to seize property of the tenants in case of non-payment of rent without any permission of a court of law. It is no wonder, therefore, that as a cumulative effect of this support to the coercive power of the zamindars, the condition of the actual cultivators declined under the Permanent Settlement. Patta was a written agreement between the :