Sustainable development is described as the development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. In this perspective, inherently the concept of sustainable development is intertwined with which of the following concepts?

The Brundtland definition frames sustainable development as meeting present needs without compromising the ability of future generations to meet theirs [1]. That formulation explicitly demands preservation of the regenerative capacity of natural ecological systems, i.e. respecting ecological limits on resource use and waste assimilation — the core idea of carrying capacity [2]. While social justice, empowerment and inclusive growth are important (intra‑generational equity is discussed alongside sustainability), the Brundtland perspective fundamentally ties sustainability to maintaining the natural system’s ability to sustain human needs over time, which is most directly captured by the concept of carrying capacity [2].

Sources

1. [1] Indian Economy, Nitin Singhania .(ed 2nd 2021-22) > Chapter 21: Sustainable Development and Climate Change > BRUNDTLAND COMMISSION AND OUR COMMON FUTURE > p. 596
2. [2] Indian Economy, Nitin Singhania .(ed 2nd 2021-22) > Chapter 21: Sustainable Development and Climate Change > KATOWICE CLIMATE PACKAGE > p. 603