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Q13 (CDS-II/2022) History & Culture › Culture, Literature, Religion & Philosophy › Indian philosophical schools Answer Verified

Which among the following are Charvaka Schools of Philosophy? 1. Dhurtta 2. Nyaya 3. Sushikshita 4. Vaisheshika Select the correct answer using the code given below :

Result
Your answer: —  Â·  Correct: D
Explanation

The Charvaka (or Lokayata) school of philosophy, founded by Brihaspati, is a heterodox (nastika) system of Indian materialism [1]. Within this tradition, scholars identify two primary sub-schools: the Dhurtta and the Sushikshita. The Dhurtta (meaning 'naive' or 'cunning') Charvakas held a radical materialist view, identifying the soul entirely with the physical body and rejecting any form of inference. In contrast, the Sushikshita (meaning 'educated' or 'refined') Charvakas accepted a more sophisticated view, acknowledging a 'refined' soul that exists as long as the body lives and potentially accepting certain forms of inference. Nyaya and Vaisheshika are distinct orthodox (astika) schools of Indian philosophy; Nyaya focuses on logic and epistemology, while Vaisheshika is known for its atomic theory. Therefore, only Dhurtta and Sushikshita are branches of the Charvaka school.

Sources

  1. [1] History , class XI (Tamilnadu state board 2024 ed.) > Chapter 3: Rise of Territorial Kingdoms and New Religious Sects > Lokayata and Carvaka > p. 38
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