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Which one of the following pairs does **not** form part of the six systems of Indian Philosophy?
Explanation
The six orthodox (Āstika) systems of Indian philosophy are Samkhya, Yoga, Nyaya, Vaisheshika, Mimamsa, [1]and Vedanta.[3] All of these six schools accept the authority of the Vedas.[4]
Examining each option: Mimamsa and Vedanta are part of the six orthodox schools[3], making option A incorrect. Nyaya and Vaisheshika are also among the six systems[2], eliminating option B. Sankhya is one of the six classical Indian philosophical traditions, which is closely linked with Yoga[5], so option D is incorrect.
Option C mentions Lokayata and Kapalika, which are **not** part of the six orthodox systems. Lokayata (also known as Charvaka) is a heterodox (Nastika) school that rejects the Vedas, while Kapalika is a tantric tradition, not one of the classical six darshanas. Therefore, this pair does not form part of the six systems of Indian philosophy, making it the correct answer.
Sources- [1] https://openstax.org/books/introduction-philosophy/pages/3-2-classical-indian-philosophy
- [2] https://www.swami-krishnananda.org/disc/disc_401.html
PROVENANCE & STUDY PATTERN
Guest previewThis is a classic 'Sitter' from the static core, despite the automated skeleton flagging it as web-heavy. The 'Shad-darshana' (Six Systems) is a fundamental classification found in every standard Ancient History or Art & Culture textbook (NCERT/CCRT). If you miss this, your static foundation is shaky.
This question can be broken into the following sub-statements. Tap a statement sentence to jump into its detailed analysis.
- Statement 1: Are Mimamsa and Vedanta two of the six systems of Indian philosophy (the Shad-darshanas)?
- Statement 2: Are Nyaya and Vaisheshika two of the six systems of Indian philosophy (the Shad-darshanas)?
- Statement 3: Are Lokayata and Kapalika two of the six systems of Indian philosophy (the Shad-darshanas)?
- Statement 4: Are Sankhya and Yoga two of the six systems of Indian philosophy (the Shad-darshanas)?
- Explicitly lists the six principal orthodox Hindu darshanas.
- Names both Mimamsa and Vedanta among those six systems.
- States there are six famous systems of philosophy in India.
- Specifically lists Nyaya, Vaisheshika, Samkhya, Yoga, Mimamsa and Vedanta.
- Provides an FAQ naming the six orthodox (Āstika) schools.
- Identifies Mimamsa (Purva Mimamsa) and Vedanta (Uttara Mimamsa) as two of the six.
Explicitly states that the Vedas gave rise to several schools of thought and names Vedanta and Yoga among the best known, indicating a recognized set of distinct philosophical schools.
A student could take this pattern (Vedic origin → named schools) and look for other canonical lists that group such schools (e.g., lists of classical darshanas) to see if Mimamsa and Vedanta appear together.
Mentions that theosophical inspiration was drawn from multiple specific schools — the Upanishads, Samkhya, Yoga and Vedanta — showing that Vedanta is treated as one distinct, named school alongside others.
One could compare this set of named schools to standard enumerations of Indian philosophical systems to check whether Mimamsa is similarly listed among them.
Describes Lokayata/Carvaka as an identified, named philosophical school with specific doctrines, illustrating the practice of naming and classifying Indian philosophical systems.
Given that named schools like Carvaka and Vedanta exist, a student could search for canonical classifications (e.g., lists of darshanas) to see which named schools are grouped into 'six systems.'
Explains that the Upanishads were referred to as Vedanta (the end of the Vedas), linking Vedanta explicitly to a textual/philosophical tradition and implying it is a distinct school.
From Vedanta's clear distinct identity here, a student might consult standard outlines of classical Indian philosophy to verify whether Vedanta and Mimamsa are included among the principal schools.
Describes Sankara's Advaita as rooted in Vedanta and portrays Vedanta as a major doctrinal tradition engaged in debates with other sects, reinforcing Vedanta's status as a principal school.
A student can use this confirmation of Vedanta's centrality to compare with lists of the Shad-darshanas to test whether Mimamsa is paired with Vedanta in that canonical grouping.
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