In the question, we are asked to identify which case from the given options had a direct impact on Centre-State relations, based on the verdict given by the Supreme Court of India.

Option 1: Keshavananda Bharati case

This case is known for the landmark judgment on the doctrine of basic structure. However, it did not specifically deal with Centre-State relations.

Option 2: Vishakha case

The Vishakha case dealt with the issue of sexual harassment in the workplace and led to the formulation of guidelines to address such cases. While an important case, it did not have a direct bearing on Centre-State relations.

Option 3: S. R. Bommai case

The S. R. Bommai case is the correct answer. The verdict in this case had a significant impact on Centre-State relations. It dealt with the issue of the dismissal of state governments and established principles to protect the federal structure of India.

Option 4: Indira Sawhney case

The Indira Sawhney case, also known as the Mandal Commission case, focused on reservations in public employment and did not directly concern Centre-State relations.

Therefore, the correct option is 3, the S. R. Bommai case, as it had a direct bearing on