Question map
Which one of the following is the correct combination of languages included in the Sth Schedule of the Constitution of India?
Explanation
The Eighth Schedule of the Constitution of India currently recognizes 22 languages. Initially, the Constitution enumerated 14 languages [3]. This list was expanded through various amendments: the 21st Amendment Act of 1967 added Sindhi; the 71st Amendment Act of 1992 added Konkani, Manipuri, and Nepali; and the 92nd Amendment Act of 2003 added Bodo, Dogri, Maithili, and Santhali [1]. Consequently, Santhali, Urdu, Konkani, and Maithili are all officially included in the Eighth Schedule [5]. Urdu was one of the original 14 languages included in 1950. In contrast, languages such as Tulu and Bhojpuri are not currently part of the Eighth Schedule, although there have been persistent demands for their inclusion [5]. Therefore, Option 2 represents the only combination where all four languages are constitutionally recognized under the Eighth Schedule.
Sources
- [1] Introduction to the Constitution of India, D. D. Basu (26th ed.). > Chapter 33: LANGUAGES > REFERENCES > p. 473
- [3] Indian Polity, M. Laxmikanth(7th ed.) > Chapter 92: World Constitutions > APPENDIX IV Constitutional Amendments at a Glance > p. 724
- [2] https://www.pib.gov.in/newsite/erelcontent.aspx?relid=5928
- [5] https://rajbhasha.gov.in/en/languages-included-eighth-schedule-indian-constitution
- [4] https://www.mha.gov.in/sites/default/files/Eighth_Schedule.pdf