Which one of the following parts of human brain is the regulating centre for swallowing and vomiting?

The medulla oblongata (option 3) is the regulating centre for swallowing and vomiting. As part of the hindbrain/brainstem, the medulla contains vital autonomic centres that control many involuntary actions, explicitly including vomiting [1]. Neuroanatomical overviews list special medullary centres for swallowing and vomiting among the ‘vital centres’ situated in the medulla oblongata [2]. Detailed clinical sources identify a medullary vomiting centre—incorporating structures such as the area postrema and nucleus tractus solitarii—that initiates and coordinates emesis and related reflexes, and is positioned to detect emetic stimuli in blood and CSF [3]. Therefore the medulla oblongata is the principal regulatory centre for both swallowing and vomiting.

Sources

1. [1] Science , class X (NCERT 2025 ed.) > Chapter 6: Control and Coordination > 6.1.2 Human Brain > p. 104
2. [2] https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/neuroscience/medulla-oblongata
3. [3] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK551589/