Who among the following was the author of Mind Swaraj?

The book 'Hind Swaraj' (often referred to as 'Indian Home Rule') was authored by Mahatma Gandhi in 1909 [2]. He wrote the original manuscript in his native language, Gujarati, while traveling from London to South Africa aboard the SS Kildonan Castle. In this seminal work, Gandhi outlines his vision of 'Swaraj', which he defines not merely as political independence from British rule but as a deeper liberation involving self-respect, self-responsibility, and self-realization [1]. He critiques modern Western civilization, industrialization, and machinery, arguing that British rule in India was sustained by the cooperation of Indians themselves [2]. Although the British government banned the Gujarati version as a seditious text in 1910, Gandhi later translated it into English to reach a wider audience [2]. The text remains a foundational document for understanding Gandhian ideology and the moral dimensions of the Indian independence movement [1].

Sources

1. [1] Political Theory, Class XI (NCERT 2025 ed.) > Chapter 2: Freedom > SWARAJ > p. 20
2. [2] India and the Contemporary World – II. History-Class X . NCERT(Revised ed 2025) > Chapter 2: Nationalism in India > 1.3 Why Non-cooperation? > p. 32