Question map
Which one of the following pairs of islands is separated from each other by the 'Ten Degree Channel'?
Explanation
The Andaman and Nicobar Islands are separated by the Ten Degree Channel, about 150 km wide.[1] The entire group of islands is divided into two broad categories – the Andaman in the north and the Nicobar in the south, and they are separated by a waterbody which is called the Ten degree channel.[2]
The Ten Degree Channel is a strategic waterbody in the Bay of Bengal that derives its name from its location near the 10°N latitude line. This channel serves as a natural divider between the two major island groups of the Andaman and Nicobar archipelago. The other options listed – Nicobar-Sumatra, Maldives-Lakshadweep, and Sumatra-Java – are separated by different waterbodies altogether. This question tests basic knowledge of India's island geography, which is an important topic for UPSC Prelims, particularly regarding the strategic location of Indian territories.
Sources- [1] Geography of India ,Majid Husain, (McGrawHill 9th ed.) > Chapter 15: Regional Development and Planning > The Union Territory of Andaman and Nicobar (Population: 380,581–2011) > p. 90
- [2] INDIA PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT, Geography Class XI (NCERT 2025 ed.) > Chapter 2: Structure and Physiography > The Islands > p. 15
PROVENANCE & STUDY PATTERN
Full viewThis is a 'Bread and Butter' question. It comes directly from the first chapter of any standard Indian Geography book (NCERT Class XI or Majid Husain). If you miss this, you are statistically out of the race. It requires zero current affairs—just fundamental mental mapping of India's physical features.
This question can be broken into the following sub-statements. Tap a statement sentence to jump into its detailed analysis.
- Statement 1: Does the Ten Degree Channel separate the Andaman Islands and the Nicobar Islands?
- Statement 2: Does the Ten Degree Channel separate the Nicobar Islands and the island of Sumatra?
- Statement 3: Does the Ten Degree Channel separate the Maldives and the Lakshadweep Islands?
- Statement 4: Does the Ten Degree Channel separate the islands of Sumatra and Java?
- Explicit statement: 'The Andaman and Nicobar Islands are separated by the Ten Degree Channel.'
- Provides quantitative detail: channel is 'about 150 km wide', reinforcing a clear physical separation.
- Direct assertion that the Andaman and Nicobar islands are separated by the Ten Degree Channel.
- Places this separation in the context of the main Bay of Bengal island groups, confirming relevance.
- States the two island groups (Andaman in the north, Nicobar in the south) 'are separated by a waterbody which is called the Ten degree channel.'
- Provides locational context (lat-long range) that supports the north–south division separated by the channel.
- Explicitly states what the Ten Degree Channel separates.
- Shows the channel separates the Andaman Islands and the Nicobar Islands (not Nicobar and Sumatra).
- Describes the division of the island groups and names the separating waterbody.
- Identifies the Ten Degree Channel as the waterbody separating Andaman (north) and Nicobar (south).
- Directly states the Ten Degree Channel's role within the Andaman and Nicobar archipelago.
- Supports that the channel separates the Andaman Islands from the Nicobar Islands, not Sumatra.
States that the Andaman and Nicobar islands are separated by the Ten Degree Channel and identifies Indira Point as the southernmost point of Great Nicobar.
A student could use a map to compare the location of Indira Point (southern Nicobar) with Sumatra to judge whether the Ten Degree Channel lies between Nicobar and Sumatra.
Explicitly says the Andaman and Nicobar Islands are separated by the Ten Degree Channel, about 150 km wide.
Using the channel's role/location between Indian island groups, a student can map that channel's latitude/position and then check Sumatra's position to see if Sumatra lies on the other side.
Gives the latitude/longitude range for the Bay of Bengal island groups (roughly 6°N–14°N and 92°E–94°E) and reiterates that Andaman and Nicobar are divided by the Ten Degree Channel.
A student can place these coordinates on a world map and compare them with Sumatra's coordinates to infer whether the Ten Degree Channel is the waterbody separating Nicobar from Sumatra.
Provides an example of a named degree-based channel (Eight Degree Channel) separating island groups (Lakshadweep and Maldives), showing the naming pattern for channels by latitude.
A student can infer that the 'Ten Degree Channel' name likely indicates its approximate latitude and then check whether that latitude lies between Nicobar and Sumatra on a map.
Explains the general concept that islands are separated by channels and deep waterways, a pattern applicable when evaluating whether a named channel separates two landmasses.
Using this general rule, a student could treat the Ten Degree Channel as a potential deep channel between island groups and verify its position relative to Sumatra on a chart or map.
- Explicitly lists which channels separate which island groups and assigns the Ten Degree Channel to the Andaman group.
- Directly indicates the Ten Degree Channel does not separate Maldives and Lakshadweep.
- Summarises that the Ten Degree Channel separates the Andaman and Nicobar Islands.
- Shows the Ten Degree Channel's role is between Andaman and Nicobar, not Maldives and Lakshadweep.
- Describes the Andaman (north) and Nicobar (south) division and names the separating waterbody as the Ten Degree Channel.
- Confirms the channel separates Andaman and Nicobar island groups, not Maldives/Lakshadweep.
Explicitly states that the Lakshadweep islands are separated from the Maldive Islands by the Eight Degree Channel.
A student could check a map for the Eight Degree Channel's position relative to Lakshadweep and Maldives to judge if Ten Degree Channel could play that role instead.
Says the Maldives Islands are situated to the south of the Lakshadweep Islands.
Using a basic world/region map, a student can confirm the relative positions and see which named channels lie between them.
Defines the Ten Degree Channel as the waterbody separating the Andaman and Nicobar groups (Bay of Bengal).
A student can infer that Ten Degree Channel is located in the Bay of Bengal (east of Indian mainland), so they should compare that location with Lakshadweep/Maldives in the Arabian Sea.
Reiterates that the Andaman and Nicobar are separated by the Ten Degree Channel and gives their approximate latitudinal/longitudinal ranges.
By comparing the given ranges (6°N–14°N, 92°E–94°E) with Lakshadweep/Maldives coordinates on a map, a student can assess whether Ten Degree Channel lies between those western island groups.
Gives the Ten Degree Channel's width (~150 km) and again states it separates the Andaman and Nicobar Islands.
Knowing this channel's identity and scale, a student can locate it on a regional map to determine if it intersects the Lakshadweep–Maldives area.
- Explicitly names what the Ten Degree Channel separates: Andaman Islands and Nicobar Islands.
- Directly contradicts the claim that it separates Sumatra and Java.
- States the Ten Degree Channel separates the Andaman Islands and the Nicobar Islands in the Bay of Bengal.
- Again shows the channel's role is between Andaman and Nicobar, not Sumatra and Java.
- The MCQ lists 'Andaman and Nicobar' as the option for islands separated by the Ten Degree Channel.
- The presence of 'Sumatra and Java' only as another option implies Sumatra–Java is not the correct separation.
Explicitly states the Ten Degree Channel separates the Andaman and Nicobar islands, identifying the channel's actual regional role.
A student can note this channel's association with the Bay of Bengal/Andaman–Nicobar region and, using a map, compare that region's location with Sumatra–Java to judge whether the same channel could separate them.
Also describes the Ten Degree Channel as the waterbody dividing the Andaman and Nicobar groups and gives their approximate latitudinal/longitudinal band.
Using the given lat/long range for Andaman–Nicobar, a student can place the Ten Degree Channel on a world map relative to Sumatra and Java to assess plausibility.
Repeats that the Andaman and Nicobar Islands are separated by the Ten Degree Channel and gives its approximate width (~150 km), reinforcing the channel's geographic context.
Knowing the Ten Degree Channel lies between Andaman and Nicobar, a student can infer it is not a channel between islands in Southeast Asia farther south (like Sumatra and Java) and verify on a map.
Defines the Sunda Shelf as including Java and Sumatra (and nearby islands), grouping those two islands in the same regional shelf system.
A student can combine this shelf association with a map to infer Java and Sumatra are part of the same shelf/region (so any channel separating them would be different from one named in the Bay of Bengal).
Gives an example of a channel named for a latitude (Eight Degree Channel) that separates island groups (Lakshadweep and Maldives), illustrating the naming pattern and regional channel concept.
A student can apply this pattern (latitude-named channels tied to specific island groups) and a map to see that the Ten Degree Channel name corresponds to Andaman–Nicobar, not Sumatra–Java.
- [THE VERDICT]: Absolute Sitter. Direct lift from NCERT Class XI (India: Physical Environment, Ch-2) and Majid Husain (Ch-2).
- [THE CONCEPTUAL TRIGGER]: 'Physiography of India: Island Groups'. Specifically, the naming convention of maritime channels based on their Latitude (Degree).
- [THE HORIZONTAL EXPANSION]: Memorize the 'Channel Family': 1. 8° Channel: Minicoy (India) — Maldives. 2. 9° Channel: Minicoy — Main Lakshadweep group (Kavaratti). 3. Duncan Passage: South Andaman — Little Andaman. 4. Coco Channel: North Andaman — Myanmar (Coco Islands). 5. Great Channel (6° Channel): Indira Point (Great Nicobar) — Banda Aceh (Sumatra).
- [THE STRATEGIC METACOGNITION]: Do not rote memorize names. Visualize the Latitude lines (8°N, 10°N) on a map. The name 'Ten Degree' literally tells you the location is at 10°N Latitude. If you know Andaman is North and Nicobar is South, the line cutting them must be the 10th parallel.
All key references explicitly identify the Ten Degree Channel as the waterbody separating the Andaman (north) and Nicobar (south) island groups.
Knowing named maritime channels that separate island groups is high-yield for map-based and strategic questions. It links physical geography with maritime boundaries and defence/geopolitics. Memorise major channels/straits and their role (location, width, strategic importance) for quick recall in UPSC prelims and mains.
- Geography of India ,Majid Husain, (McGrawHill 9th ed.) > Chapter 15: Regional Development and Planning > The Union Territory of Andaman and Nicobar (Population: 380,581–2011) > p. 90
- Geography of India ,Majid Husain, (McGrawHill 9th ed.) > Chapter 2: Physiography > Islands of the Bay of Bengal > p. 66
- INDIA PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT, Geography Class XI (NCERT 2025 ed.) > Chapter 2: Structure and Physiography > The Islands > p. 15
References describe the two groups as northern (Andaman) and southern (Nicobar) and give island counts/inhabitation details that underpin the division separated by the Ten Degree Channel.
Understanding group-wise composition (which is north/south, number of islands, inhabited vs uninhabited) helps answer geography, ecology and polity questions about UT administration and conservation. Learn group labels, counts and distinctive features to eliminate options in objective tests and to add precision in descriptive answers.
- Geography of India ,Majid Husain, (McGrawHill 9th ed.) > Chapter 15: Regional Development and Planning > The Union Territory of Andaman and Nicobar (Population: 380,581–2011) > p. 90
- INDIA PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT, Geography Class XI (NCERT 2025 ed.) > Chapter 2: Structure and Physiography > The Islands > p. 15
One reference gives the approximate latitudinal and longitudinal range for the island group, supporting the spatial separation and climatic implications of the Ten Degree Channel separating north and south groups.
Mastering lat-long ranges and associated climate/vegetation (e.g., equatorial influence, tropical rainforest) is useful for map questions and for linking physical geography to biodiversity and human settlement topics. Practice by plotting ranges and linking them to climate and ecosystem characteristics.
- INDIA PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT, Geography Class XI (NCERT 2025 ed.) > Chapter 2: Structure and Physiography > The Islands > p. 15
Multiple references explicitly state that the Ten Degree Channel separates the Andaman and Nicobar island groups, directly relevant to evaluating claims about what the channel separates.
High-yield for Indian geography: questions often ask which waterbody separates island groups. Mastering named channels and their role in dividing island groups helps eliminate distractors in objective and descriptive questions. Study approach: memorise key channels (names and the island groups they separate) with map practice.
- Geography of India ,Majid Husain, (McGrawHill 9th ed.) > Chapter 2: Physiography > Islands of the Bay of Bengal > p. 66
- Geography of India ,Majid Husain, (McGrawHill 9th ed.) > Chapter 15: Regional Development and Planning > The Union Territory of Andaman and Nicobar (Population: 380,581–2011) > p. 90
- INDIA PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT, Geography Class XI (NCERT 2025 ed.) > Chapter 2: Structure and Physiography > The Islands > p. 15
References record the two-group division (Andaman north, Nicobar south) and give counts/locations, which grounds any question about separations or proximity to other landmasses.
Frequently tested topic: knowing the composition, location and relative positions of Andaman and Nicobar islands aids answers on physiography, biodiversity and strategic importance. Prepare by linking textual facts (counts, latitudinal range) to maps and past MCQs/short-answer prompts.
- Geography of India ,Majid Husain, (McGrawHill 9th ed.) > Chapter 15: Regional Development and Planning > The Union Territory of Andaman and Nicobar (Population: 380,581–2011) > p. 90
- INDIA PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT, Geography Class XI (NCERT 2025 ed.) > Chapter 2: Structure and Physiography > The Islands > p. 15
- CONTEMPORARY INDIA-I ,Geography, Class IX . NCERT(Revised ed 2025) > Chapter 2: Physical Features of India > Corals > p. 14
Evidence mentions Ten Degree Channel (Andaman–Nicobar) and Eight Degree Channel (Lakshadweep–Maldives), showing a pattern of naming channels by latitude that indicate separation between island groups.
Useful for rapid geographic inference: recognising 'degree' channels helps locate features by approximate latitude and understand maritime separations in questions on island systems and maritime boundaries. Practice by mapping degree-channel names to latitudes and adjacent island groups.
- Geography of India ,Majid Husain, (McGrawHill 9th ed.) > Chapter 2: Physiography > Islands of the Bay of Bengal > p. 66
- Geography of India ,Majid Husain, (McGrawHill 9th ed.) > Chapter 2: Physiography > The Arabian Sea Islands > p. 68
References show the Ten Degree Channel separates Andaman and Nicobar, while the Lakshadweep–Maldives separation is named the Eight Degree Channel—this is the core confusion behind the statement.
Knowing precise names of maritime channels/straits is frequently tested in geography; it helps quickly eliminate options and understand island group boundaries. Memorise common channel names and their associated island groups, and practise map-based recall.
- Geography of India ,Majid Husain, (McGrawHill 9th ed.) > Chapter 2: Physiography > Islands of the Bay of Bengal > p. 66
- Geography of India ,Majid Husain, (McGrawHill 9th ed.) > Chapter 2: Physiography > The Arabian Sea Islands > p. 68
The 'Great Channel' (or Six Degree Channel). Since Option B (Nicobar and Sumatra) and Option D (Sumatra and Java) were distractors here, the logical next question is: 'What separates Great Nicobar from Sumatra?' Answer: The Great Channel. Also, 'Sunda Strait' separates Sumatra and Java.
Use the 'Latitude Logic'. The channel is named 'Ten Degree' (10°N).
- Maldives (Option C) is equatorial (0°–4°N), so 10° is too high.
- Sumatra (Option B/D) is crossed by the Equator (0°), so 10° is too far North.
- Only the Andaman & Nicobar chain spans a length (6°N to 14°N) where a cut at 10°N makes geometric sense.
Geopolitics & Security: The Ten Degree Channel is a critical 'Choke Point' for the Indian Navy. Connect this to the 'Tri-Service Command' (ANC) located in Port Blair. In Mains, cite this channel when discussing India's dominance in the Bay of Bengal and the 'Metal Chain' strategy against China's 'String of Pearls'.