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Q45 (IAS/2016) Environment & Ecology › Biodiversity & Protected Areas › Economic plant resources Official Key

Recently, our scientists have discovered a new and distinct species of banana plant which attains a height of about 11 metres and has orange-coloured fruit pulp. In which part of India has it been discovered?

Result
Your answer:  ·  Correct: A
Explanation

Scientists at the Botanical Survey of India (BSI) discovered a new species of banana from a remote tropical rain forest on the Little Andaman islands.[1] This species, named *Musa indandamanensis*, exhibits the distinctive characteristics mentioned in the question. The new species is about 11 metres high, whereas the usual banana species is about three to four metres high.[2] Additionally, the fruit pulp is orange in colour, distinctive from the white and yellow colour of regular bananas.[3] The species was located about 16 km inside the Krishna Nalah forest in the island.[4] Therefore, the Andaman Islands is the correct location where this unique banana plant with orange-coloured fruit pulp and exceptional height was discovered. The other options—Anaimalai Forests, Maikala Hills, and tropical rain forests of northeast India—are not associated with this discovery.

Sources
  1. [1] https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/other-states/andamans-yield-a-sweet-banana-with-orange-pulp/article7750316.ece
  2. [2] https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/other-states/andamans-yield-a-sweet-banana-with-orange-pulp/article7750316.ece
  3. [3] https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/other-states/andamans-yield-a-sweet-banana-with-orange-pulp/article7750316.ece
  4. [4] https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/other-states/andamans-yield-a-sweet-banana-with-orange-pulp/article7750316.ece
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Q. Recently, our scientists have discovered a new and distinct species of banana plant which attains a height of about 11 metres and has ora…
At a glance
Origin: Mostly Current Affairs Fairness: Low / Borderline fairness Books / CA: 0/10 · 10/10
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Statement 1
Was the newly discovered distinct species of banana plant (about 11 metres tall with orange-coloured fruit pulp) discovered in the Andaman Islands in India?
Origin: Web / Current Affairs Fairness: CA heavy Web-answerable

Web source
Presence: 5/5
"The new species is about 11 metres high, whereas as the usual banana species is about three to four metres high."
Why this source?
  • Explicitly states the new species' height as about 11 metres, matching the statement's size detail.
  • Describes distinctive morphological features that identify it as a distinct species.
Web source
Presence: 5/5
"The species, *Musa indandamanensis* , was located about 16 km inside the Krishna Nalah forest in the island."
Why this source?
  • Names the species (Musa indandamanensis) and gives its precise location in the Little Andaman islands.
  • Directly ties the discovery to the Andaman (Little Andaman) forest site in India.
Web source
Presence: 5/5
"The fruit pulp is orange in colour, distinctive from the white and yellow colour of regular bananas."
Why this source?
  • States the fruit pulp is orange in colour, directly matching the statement's description.
  • Confirms edibility and local (tribal) use, supporting that the reported fruit pulp colour was observed in situ.

Geography of India ,Majid Husain, (McGrawHill 9th ed.) > Chapter 15: Regional Development and Planning > The Union Territory of Andaman and Nicobar (Population: 380,581–2011) > p. 90
Strength: 5/5
“So far, about 2200 varieties of plants have been recorded, out of which 200 are endemic and 1300 do not occur in the mainland of India. Andaman forest is rich in timbers species like Gurjan and Padauk. About 50 varieties of mammals, 270 varieties of birds, and 225 species of butterflies are found in Andaman and Nicobar. Mount Harriet National Park is one of the richest areas of butterfly and moth diversity on these islands. The indigenous people of Andamans are: (i) the Jarawa, (ii) the Jangil (or Rutland Jarawa), (iii) the Onge, and (iv) the Sentinelese (most isolated of all groups).”
Why relevant

States Andaman & Nicobar have ~2200 recorded plant varieties with ~200 endemics and many species not on the mainland, showing the islands are a hotspot for unique plant species.

How to extend

A student could infer that discoveries of distinct plant species on these islands are plausible and look for primary taxonomic reports or local herbarium records to verify this specific banana.

Geography of India ,Majid Husain, (McGrawHill 9th ed.) > Chapter 2: Physiography > Islands of the Bay of Bengal > p. 68
Strength: 4/5
“The Nicobar group of islands comprise 18 islands of which only 11 are inhabited. The physiography of the Nicobar islands is mainly of coral origin. Rice is the main crop in Andaman and Nicobar Islands. Coconut and arecanut are the main cash crops of Nicobar. Tropical fruits like pineapple, a variety of bananas, sweet papaya and mango grow on a smaller scale in the Andaman group of islands. The Tribal population in the Andaman Islands is fast dwindling. Most of its present inhabitants are migrants from Bangladesh, Myanmar, and India and Tamils from Sri Lanka. Some of the well known surviving tribes of the Andamans and Nicobar are the Onges, Jarawas and Sentinelese.”
Why relevant

Explicitly notes that tropical fruits including 'a variety of bananas' grow in the Andaman group, indicating bananas can occur naturally or cultivated there.

How to extend

Combine this with knowledge of local surveys or new species descriptions to check whether a wild, tall banana species was recorded from Andaman fieldwork.

Environment and Ecology, Majid Hussain (Access publishing 3rd ed.) > Chapter 4: BIODIVERSITY > Biogeographic zones of India > p. 25
Strength: 4/5
“It consists of the (i) Konkan Plain, and (ii) Malabar Coastal Plain. Tese plains have been brought under cultivation. Te main remnants of natural vegetation include tropical deciduous and evergreen forests and the monsoon deciduous forests.• 9. Indian Islands Floristic Region: Te foristic species of Andaman and Nicobar belong to the equatorial rain-forest type. Tese islands have mainly tropical evergreen type with diferent varieties of palms, ferns, canes and hardwood trees. Te trees have thick and continuous canopy, characterised with vines, lianas, epiphytes and palm.”
Why relevant

Describes the Andaman & Nicobar floristic region as equatorial rainforest with tropical evergreen vegetation (palms, ferns, lianas) — habitat suitable for diverse and large monocots like bananas.

How to extend

Use this habitat match plus maps of Andaman rainforest to assess plausibility that a tall banana species could be native there, then seek species-level publications.

Environment, Shankar IAS Acedemy .(ed 10th) > Chapter 10: Indian Forest > Ro.R.R. Tropical Wet Evergreen Forests > p. 161
Strength: 3/5
“ro.r.r. Tropical Wet evergreen forests \ Wet evergreen forests are found along the Western Ghats, the Nicobar and Andaman Islands, and all along the north-eastern region. It is characterized by tall, straight evergreen trees. The more common trees that are found here are the jackfruit, betel nut palm, jamun, mango, and hollock. The trees in this forest form a tier pattern; shrubs are found over the layer closer to the ground, followed by the short structured trees and then the tall variety.”
Why relevant

Notes wet evergreen forests in Andaman support tall evergreen trees and fruiting species (jackfruit, mango), implying a humid, tall-vegetation ecosystem compatible with large banana plants.

How to extend

A student could link forest type to ecological requirements of tall banana species and prioritize field reports from wet evergreen zones of Andaman for verification.

Environment and Ecology, Majid Hussain (Access publishing 3rd ed.) > Chapter 12: Major Crops and Cropping Patterns in India > Banana > p. 60
Strength: 3/5
“the plant stops growth and in the cold weather it is damaged by frost. In fact, a great deal of banana cultivation in India is located close to the coastal areas. About 150 to 250 cm of rain, well distributed through out the year is desirable for banana. It however, can stand rain up to 400 cm. Stagnation of water is injurious and may cause diseases like Panama-wilt. In India, banana ranks third in area with about 5 lakh hectare, covering about 12.5% of the total area under fruits. Most of the banana is produced on small scale basis. A unique feature of banana cultivation in the country is that Dwarf Cavendish banana is grown in dry climate where leaf-spot is not a serious problem, unlike in other banana growing countries.”
Why relevant

Gives general climatic requirements for banana (coastal locations, high rainfall), which match Andaman conditions described elsewhere in the snippets.

How to extend

Combine this rule with Andaman's climate normals (high rainfall, coastal) to judge ecological plausibility of a banana species occurring there, then consult taxonomic records.

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Statement analysis

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