The term Intended Nationally Determined Contributions' is sometimes seen in the news in the context of

Explicitly defines INDCs as "the climate pledges and intended reductions in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions of countries under the UNFCCC."

A student could use this definition plus basic knowledge that refugee rehabilitation is a humanitarian/social policy (not a GHG reduction) to suspect the statement is incorrect.

Explains NDCs/INDCs in the context of the Paris Agreement as Parties' climate actions and reporting on emissions.

Combine this pattern (INDCs/NDCs = climate commitments) with the fact that refugee resettlement is governed by different UN bodies (e.g., UNHCR) to rule out the refugee interpretation.

Notes that INDCs were requested by COP (UNFCCC) and must reflect principles like equity and CBDR, tying them to international climate negotiation processes.

A student can contrast the institutional source (UNFCCC COP) with refugee matters (typically UNHCR/UN General Assembly) to judge the claim's plausibility.

Gives India’s submitted INDC content (emissions intensity targets and sustainable living) showing concrete climate-related objectives.

Comparing these concrete climate targets with typical refugee-rehabilitation measures (housing, asylum policies) would highlight the difference in subject matter.

Defines refugees and indicates the UN has a separate High Commissioner for Refugees to address displacement issues.

A student could combine this with the climate-focused INDC definition to infer that refugee rehabilitation is handled by different mechanisms than INDCs.

This snippet lists possible contexts for the term 'Intended Nationally Determined Contributions' and explicitly includes (b) 'plan of action outlined by the countries of the world to combat climate change' as an option, contrasting it with (c) 'capital contributed ... in the establishment of Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank.'

A student could take this contrast and, using basic knowledge that INDCs are climate pledges under UNFCCC processes, infer INDCs are about emissions/mitigation commitments not bank capital.

Describes AIIB as a multilateral financial institution established to finance infrastructure projects, implying AIIB is a bank/institution distinct from climate-policy instruments.

Combine this with understanding that bank establishment involves member capital and governance, whereas INDCs (per [1]) are policy pledges, to separate the two concepts.

Explains that the Asian Development Bank (another multilateral bank) has votes distributed in proportion to members' capital subscription — showing that multilateral development banks commonly operate via member capital subscriptions.

A student could generalize that 'capital contributed by members' is a feature of multilateral banks (like ADB/AIIB), whereas INDCs (per [1]) are not phrased as capital subscriptions but as national plans.

States AIIB is a multilateral development bank set up in 2016 with many member nations, reinforcing that AIIB is an institutional financier created through multilateral arrangements.

Using the general fact that such banks are created via member agreements and funding, a student can separate institutional capital-formation topics (AIIB) from international policy instruments like INDCs.

Defines INDCs as the climate pledges and intended reductions in greenhouse gas emissions of countries under the UNFCCC.

A student could note this ties INDCs to climate/GHG targets (UNFCCC) and contrast that mandate with the SDG framework (UN General Assembly) to test whether INDCs are SDG plans.

Gives concrete examples of India's INDC content focused on emissions intensity reduction and climate‑friendly development.

Use this example to infer INDCs address climate mitigation measures rather than the broader 17 SDG topics, then check which UN body handles each (UNFCCC vs UN SDG process).

Explains that Parties to the Paris Agreement must put forward 'nationally determined contributions' and report on emissions and implementation—framing NDCs as climate action instruments.

A student can extend this to distinguish the Paris/UNFCCC reporting and stock‑take cycle from SDG review mechanisms to judge whether INDCs equate to SDG plans.

Contains a multiple‑choice prompt that explicitly links INDCs to 'plan of action ... to combat climate change' as an option, implying common usage associates INDCs with climate action.

Treat this as an indicator of how textbooks frame INDCs; a student could compare that framing to textbook descriptions of the SDGs to see if they overlap or differ.

Describes the SDGs as a broad, 17‑goal UN framework to end poverty, protect the planet and ensure prosperity by 2030—showing the SDGs' wider scope.

A student can use this to contrast the broader SDG agenda with the climate‑focused content of INDCs to assess whether INDCs are SDG plans or a narrower climate instrument.