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Q28 (IAS/2017) International Relations & Global Affairs › International Organisations & Groupings › Nuclear and security regimes Official Key

Consider the following statements : 1. The Nuclear Security Summits are periodically held under the aegis of the United Nations. 2. The International Panel on Fissile Materials is an organ of International Atomic Energy Agency. Which of the statements given above is/are correct ?

Result
Your answer: —  ·  Correct: D
Explanation

The correct answer is option D (Neither 1 nor 2) because both statements are incorrect.

**Statement 1 is incorrect:** The Nuclear Security Summits were held in Washington D.C., Seoul and the Hague[1], and the Nuclear Security Summit process was mentioned alongside other international organizations and initiatives, such as the UN, INTERPOL, GICNT, and the Global Partnership[2]. This indicates that the Nuclear Security Summits were a separate process, not held under UN aegis. They were actually initiated by the United States and were independent of the United Nations framework.

**Statement 2 is incorrect:** The International Panel on Fissile Materials is described as an entity "Fostering initiatives to reduce stocks and end the production and use of highly enriched uranium and plutonium"[3], presented as an independent organization rather than an organ of the IAEA. The documents reference the IPFM and IAEA as separate entities, confirming that the IPFM is an independent expert group, not part of the IAEA's organizational structure.

Therefore, since both statements are incorrect, option D is the correct answer.

Sources
  1. [1] https://www-pub.iaea.org/MTCD/Publications/PDF/Pub1794_web.pdf
  2. [2] https://www-pub.iaea.org/MTCD/Publications/PDF/Pub1794_web.pdf
  3. [3] https://fissilematerials.org/ipfm/members.html
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PROVENANCE & STUDY PATTERN
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Don’t just practise – reverse-engineer the question. This panel shows where this PYQ came from (books / web), how the examiner broke it into hidden statements, and which nearby micro-concepts you were supposed to learn from it. Treat it like an autopsy of the question: what might have triggered it, which exact lines in the book matter, and what linked ideas you should carry forward to future questions.
Q. Consider the following statements : 1. The Nuclear Security Summits are periodically held under the aegis of the United Nations. 2. The I…
At a glance
Origin: Mostly Current Affairs Fairness: Low / Borderline fairness Books / CA: 0/10 · 10/10
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This question uses the classic 'Wrong Parent' trap. UPSC takes a real event (NSS) or body (IPFM) and falsely attributes it to a famous organization (UN/IAEA). Strategy: Whenever you read about a summit or body, explicitly memorize its 'convener' or 'parent organization'—this is a top-tier elimination filter.

How this question is built

This question can be broken into the following sub-statements. Tap a statement sentence to jump into its detailed analysis.

Statement 1
Were the Nuclear Security Summits periodically held under the aegis of the United Nations?
Origin: Web / Current Affairs Fairness: CA heavy Web-answerable

Web source
Presence: 4/5
"we could also build upon the many achievements of various international organizations and initiatives, such as the UN, INTERPOL, GICNT, the Global Partnership and, among others, the Nuclear Security Summit process."
Why this source?
  • Explicitly lists the UN and the Nuclear Security Summit process as separate items, implying the Summits were not conducted under the UN's aegis.
  • Presents the Nuclear Security Summit process alongside other international initiatives rather than as a UN-led activity.
Web source
Presence: 3/5
"This Conference marks a new beginning following four Nuclear Security Summits in three capitals — Washington D.C., Seoul and the Hague —"
Why this source?
  • Refers to four Nuclear Security Summits held in specific national capitals (Washington D.C., Seoul and the Hague), indicating they were separate events not described as UN-hosted.
  • Describes the Summits as distinct meetings that brought the issue into the limelight, rather than UN conferences.
Web source
Presence: 3/5
"The International Nuclear Security Architecture and the Nuclear Security Summits ... IAEA and Other Mechanisms of International Cooperation in the Area of Nuclear Security: Central Role of the Agency"
Why this source?
  • Associates the Nuclear Security Summits with the international nuclear security architecture and highlights the IAEA's central role, suggesting coordination outside direct UN aegis.
  • Shows the Summits are considered part of broader international mechanisms rather than explicitly under the UN.

Indian Economy, Nitin Singhania .(ed 2nd 2021-22) > Chapter 21: Sustainable Development and Climate Change > MILLENNIUM SUMMIT AND THE UNITED NATIONS MILLENNIUM DECLARATION > p. 597
Strength: 4/5
“The Millennium Summit was held in 2000 at the United Nations' headquarters in New York City. It was aimed to analyze the role of the United Nations in the 21st century. The United Nations Millennium Declaration was ratified by world leaders to eradicate poverty, hunger, disease, illiteracy, environmental degradation and discrimination against women.”
Why relevant

Shows that major global summits (Millennium Summit) have been held at the United Nations' headquarters and organized under UN auspices.

How to extend

A student could check whether the Nuclear Security Summits were similarly hosted at UN premises or formally organized by the UN secretariat.

Environment and Ecology, Majid Hussain (Access publishing 3rd ed.) > Chapter 5: Biodiversity and Legislations > Earth SummIt. > p. 5
Strength: 4/5
“Te United Nations sponsored Earth Summit was held in Rio de Janeiro in 1992 from 3rd to 14th June. In this summit, leaders of 100 nations, over 10,000 delegates from over 160 countries, are nearly 9000 journalists participated. Te focus of the conference was the Agenda 21, the problems of 21st Century and the treaties, biodiversity and climatic change. Te summit ended with the declaration of 27 principles which came to be known as Agenda 21 (the Agenda for 21st century). Maurice F. Strong, a Canadian and Secretary General of the UNCED, summarised in his conference address. Te people of our planet, especially our youth and the generation which follow them, will hold us accountable for what we do or fail to do at the Earth Summit in Rio.”
Why relevant

Explicitly describes the Earth Summit as 'United Nations sponsored', establishing a pattern that large international summits on global issues can be UN-sponsored.

How to extend

One could compare the official sponsor/host listed for each Nuclear Security Summit against the UN sponsorship pattern.

Contemporary World Politics, Textbook in political science for Class XII (NCERT 2025 ed.) > Chapter 6: Environment and Natural Resources > Ideas for the Teacher > p. 98
Strength: 3/5
“• 1. Which among the following best explains the reason for growing concerns about the environment? • a. The developed countries are concerned about protecting nature.• b. Protection of the environment is vital for indigenous people and natural habitats.• c. The environmental degradation caused by human activities has become pervasive and has reached a dangerous level.• d. None of the above.• 2. Mark correct or wrong against each of the following statements about the Earth Summit: • a. It was attended by 170 countries, thousands of NGOs and many MNCs.• b. The summit was held under the aegis of the UN.• c.”
Why relevant

Contains a textbook question asserting that the Earth Summit 'was held under the aegis of the UN', showing textbooks treat some summits as UN-led.

How to extend

A student could treat 'held under the aegis of the UN' as a definitional criterion and look for the same phrase or equivalent in Nuclear Security Summit documents.

Indian Polity, M. Laxmikanth(7th ed.) > Chapter 88: Foreign Policy > II I Disarmament > p. 610
Strength: 4/5
“The foreign policy of India is opposed to arms race and advocates disarmament, both conventional and nuclear. This is aimed at promoting world peace and security by reducing or ending tensions between power blocs and to accelerate economic development of the country by preventing the unproductive expenditure on the manufacture of arms. India has been using the UNO platform to check the arms race and to achieve disarmament. India took the initiative of holding a six-nation summit. At New Delhi in 1985 and made concrete proposals for nuclear disarmament. By Ilot signing the Nuclear Non-proliferation Treaty (NPT) of 1968 and the Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty (CTBT) of 1996, India has kept its nuclear options open.”
Why relevant

Notes that India used the UN platform for disarmament but also took independent initiative to hold a six-nation summit, showing nuclear/disarmament meetings can be both UN-led or independently convened.

How to extend

This suggests checking whether Nuclear Security Summits were UN initiatives or independent government-led initiatives (i.e., organizer/convener listed in summit records).

Contemporary World Politics, Textbook in political science for Class XII (NCERT 2025 ed.) > Chapter 5: Security in the Contemporary World > Security in the Contemporary World 69 > p. 69
Strength: 2/5
“The Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT) of 1968 was an arms control treaty in the sense that it regulated the acquisition of nuclear weapons: those countries that had tested and manufactured nuclear weapons before 1967 were allowed to keep their weapons; and those that had not done so were to give up the right to acquire them. The NPT did not abolish nuclear weapons; rather, it limited the number of countries that could have them.”
Why relevant

Discusses formal nuclear arms-control frameworks (NPT) as international instruments, indicating nuclear security is a subject of multilateral/regime-based governance.

How to extend

A student could use this to reason that nuclear-security events might be run under treaty/UN frameworks or alternatively by states outside such frameworks and then verify which applies to the Nuclear Security Summits.

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