Which principle among the following was added to the Directive Principles of State Policy by the 42nd Amendment to the Constitution ?

Lists the four specific Directive Principles that the 42nd Amendment added — the list does not include 'equal pay for equal work'.

A student could compare this explicit post‑amendment list with the text of Article 39 before and after 1976 (or with the original Constitution) to see whether 'equal pay' was newly inserted or pre‑existing.

Explains that Article 39 (clauses a and d) already enjoins the State to secure equal right to work and 'equal pay for equal work' to men and women.

Use this to infer that 'equal pay' was part of Article 39 (a Directive Principle) and then check whether Article 39 itself was created earlier than 1976.

Explicitly states clause (d) provides for equal pay for equal work for both men and women, tying the phrase to an Article of the Directive Principles.

A student could look up the original text or an early edition of the Constitution to confirm the clause's presence before 1976.

Asserts that the Directive Principles (Article 39) secure to men and women equal right to adequate means of livelihood and equal pay for equal work, indicating the concept is located in Article 39.

This supports checking the historical adoption date of Article 39 to judge whether the 42nd Amendment was the origin of that clause.

Notes the 42nd Amendment gave primacy to Directive Principles over certain Fundamental Rights, showing the amendment altered status of DPs but not necessarily their content.

Use this pattern (amendment changing status vs. content) to distinguish whether the 42nd Amendment added new DP content or primarily changed constitutional hierarchy — then verify by comparing lists of DP additions.

Explicitly lists the four new Directive Principles added by the 42nd Amendment (child development, free legal aid, worker participation in management, environment) — showing which DPs the 42nd actually introduced.

A student can compare this enumeration with the claimed trio (work, education, public assistance) to see whether those items are among the 42nd Amendment additions or were pre‑existing.

Summarises several Directive Principles (adequate means of livelihood, just and humane conditions of work, decent standard of life) and states that the 42nd Amendment 'widened' the list of Directives.

Use this to infer that 'right to work'/'livelihood' and 'conditions of work' existed in Part IV and then check if they were new in 1976 or pre‑existing.

Highlights the importance of Article 45 (education) as a Directive Principle and its role in later developments (showing education was a DP topic even before later constitutional amendments).

A student can use this to suspect education was already present in Directive Principles and therefore likely not created by the 42nd Amendment; verify by checking the original Article list vs. 42nd additions.

States that the 42nd Amendment gave primacy/supremacy to Directive Principles over certain Fundamental Rights, indicating the Amendment's focus and the specific kinds of changes it made to Part IV.

This suggests examining the 42nd Amendment text to see whether it altered content of DPs (added specific items) or primarily changed their legal status — useful for judging if it added the named 'rights'.

Explains that the constitutional obligation to provide education (Article 21A later) has roots in the Directive Principles and that parliamentary amendments (86th Amendment) later made education a Fundamental Right.

Use this historical link to check whether education was introduced by the 42nd Amendment or was part of earlier Directive Principles that were later given fundamental status.