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Q87 (IAS/2018) Official Key

Consider the following statements : 1. Most of the world's coral reefs are in tropical waters. 2. More than one-third of the world's coral reefs are located in the territories of Australia, Indonesia and Philippines. 3. Coral reefs host far more number of animal phyla than those hosted by tropical rainforests. Which of the statements given above is/are correct ?

Result
Your answer: —  ·  Correct: D
Explanation

The correct answer is (d) 1, 2 and 3.

Statement 1 is correct: The vast majority of coral reefs are found in tropical and subtropical waters between 30°N and 30°S latitudes. Corals require warm water (20-28°C), clear water with adequate sunlight, and specific salinity levels — conditions found predominantly in tropical waters.

Statement 2 is correct: The Coral Triangle, which encompasses the waters of Australia (Great Barrier Reef), Indonesia, Philippines, and nearby nations, contains more than one-third (some estimates say over 75%) of the world's known coral species. Australia's Great Barrier Reef alone is the world's largest reef system.

Statement 3 is correct: Coral reefs are often called the "rainforests of the sea" but they actually host more animal phyla (about 32 of the 34 known animal phyla) than tropical rainforests. This makes them the most biodiverse ecosystems on Earth in terms of phyletic diversity. While rainforests may have more total species, reefs have greater diversity at the phylum level.

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Don’t just practise – reverse-engineer the question. This panel shows where this PYQ came from (books / web), how the examiner broke it into hidden statements, and which nearby micro-concepts you were supposed to learn from it. Treat it like an autopsy of the question: what might have triggered it, which exact lines in the book matter, and what linked ideas you should carry forward to future questions.
Q. Consider the following statements : 1. Most of the world's coral reefs are in tropical waters. 2. More than one-third of the world's co…
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Origin: standard textbook Fairness: fair Books / CA: 7/10 · 3/10
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Coral reef geography and biodiversity are well-covered in NCERT Geography and Environment books. The Coral Triangle and phylum-level diversity comparison are standard topics in environmental studies for UPSC. Statement 3 about phyla diversity is a key differentiator that tests conceptual clarity.

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