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Q35 (IAS/2020) International Relations & Global Affairs ā€ŗ International Organisations & Groupings ā€ŗ Global economic governance Official Key

In which one of the following groups are all the four countries members of G20 ?

Result
Your answer: ā€”  Ā·  Correct: A
Explanation

The correct answer is Option 1.

The G20 is an international forum comprising 19 individual countries and the European Union (recently joined by the African Union). To identify the correct group, one must verify that every country listed is a permanent member of this premier forum for international economic cooperation.

  • Option 1 is correct because Argentina, Mexico, South Africa, and Turkey are all founding members of the G20, representing diverse regions including Latin America, Africa, and Eurasia.
  • Option 2 is incorrect because while Australia and Canada are members, Malaysia and New Zealand are not.
  • Option 3 is incorrect because although Brazil and Saudi Arabia are members, Iran and Vietnam are not part of the G20.
  • Option 4 is incorrect because while Indonesia, Japan, and South Korea are members, Singapore is not a permanent member (though it is frequently invited as a guest).

Thus, only Option 1 contains a set where all four nations hold G20 membership.

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Q. In which one of the following groups are all the four countries members of G20 ? [A] Argentina, Mexico, South Africa and Turkey [B] Ausā€¦
At a glance
Origin: Mostly Current Affairs Fairness: Low / Borderline fairness Books / CA: 0/10 Ā· 10/10
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This question was a direct lift from the practice section of Nitin Singhania's 'Indian Economy' (Chapter 18). While it appears to be a rote-learning test, it rewards understanding 'Systemic Importance'ā€”G20 members are regional hegemons with large GDP/populations, not just wealthy small nations.

How this question is built

This question can be broken into the following sub-statements. Tap a statement sentence to jump into its detailed analysis.

Statement 1
Are Argentina, Mexico, South Africa and Turkey all members of the G20 as of 2020?
Origin: Web / Current Affairs Fairness: CA heavy Web-answerable

Web source
Presence: 5/5
"The [members of the G20](../g20-member-map/index.html) are Argentina, Australia, Brazil, Canada, China, France, Germany, India, Indonesia, Italy, Japan, Republic of Korea, Mexico, Russia, Saudi Arabia, South Africa, Turkey, the United Kingdom, the United States and the European Union."
Why this source?
  • This is the official G20 website listing all members.
  • The list explicitly includes Argentina, Mexico, South Africa and Turkey among G20 members.
Web source
Presence: 4/5
"are Argentina, Australia, Brazil, China, India, Indonesia, Mexico, Saudi Arabia, South Africa, South Korea and Turkey."
Why this source?
  • Independent summary of G20 membership that also lists the countries.
  • Explicitly names Argentina, Mexico, South Africa and Turkey as G20 members.

Indian Economy, Nitin Singhania .(ed 2nd 2021-22) > Chapter 18: International Economic Institutions > 2020 > p. 553
Strength: 4/5
ā€œā€¢ 1. In which one of the following groups are all the four countries members of G20? ā€¢ (a) Argentina, Mexico, South Africa and Turkeyā€¢ (b) Australia, Canada, Malaysia and New Zealandā€¢ (c) Brazil, Saudi Arabia and Vietnamā€¢ (d) Indonesia, Japan, Singapore and South Koreaā€¢ 2. With reference to Trade-Related Investment Measures (TRIMS), which of the following statements is/are correct? ā€¢ 1. Quantitative restrictions on imports by foreign investors are prohibited.ā€¢ 2.ā€
Why relevant

This source presents a multipleā€‘choice question that groups 'Argentina, Mexico, South Africa and Turkey' together as a candidate set of G20 members (showing this exact quartet is considered in G20-related exercises).

How to extend

A student could take this as a hint to check an authoritative G20 member list circa 2020 to confirm or refute that particular grouping.

Geography of India ,Majid Husain, (McGrawHill 9th ed.) > Chapter 16: Indiaā€“Political Aspects > INDIA'S ROLE IN WORLD AFFAIRS > p. 59
Strength: 4/5
ā€œCountries considered India's closest allies include the Russian Federation, Israel, Bhutan, Nepal, and Tajikistan. After the collapse of the Soviet Union and economic liberalisation in 1992, India has fostered a close relationship with the United States, the United Kingdom, Germany, France, and Japan. India's military and economic collaboration with the United States, Japan, and Israel has grown significantly in the past few years. India has also forged relationships with developing countries, especially South Africa, Brazil, Mexico, and the Republic of China. India, along with Mexico, Brazil, and South Africa, often represents the interests of the developing countries through economic forums such as the G8+5, IBSA, G4, and WTO.ā€
Why relevant

Notes that Mexico and South Africa often represent developing countries alongside India, Brazil ā€” indicating Mexico and South Africa are placed among notable emerging economies that frequently participate in major economic forums.

How to extend

A student could use this pattern (emerging-economy participation) plus a G20 membership list to judge whether Mexico and South Africa are included in G20.

Contemporary World Politics, Textbook in political science for Class XII (NCERT 2025 ed.) > Chapter 4: International Organisations > Major contributors to the UN regular budget for 2019 > p. 53
Strength: 3/5
ā€œā€¢ No.: 1; Member State: USA; %: 22.0 ā€¢ No.: 2; Member State: China; %: 12.0 ā€¢ No.: 3; Member State: Japan; %: 8.5 ā€¢ No.: 4; Member State: Germany; %: 6.0 ā€¢ No.: 5; Member State: UK; %: 4.5 ā€¢ No.: 6; Member State: France; %: 4.4 ā€¢ No.: 7; Member State: Italy; %: 3.3 ā€¢ No.: 8; Member State: Brazil; %: 2.9 ā€¢ No.: 9; Member State: Canada; %: 2.7 ā€¢ No.: 10; Member State: Russia; %: 2.4 ā€¢ No.: 11; Member State: Republic of Korea; %: 2.2 ā€¢ No.: 12; Member State: Australia; %: 2.2 ā€¢ No.: 13; Member State: Spain; %: 2.1 ā€¢ No.: 14; Member State: Turkey; %: 1.3 ā€¢ No.: 15; Member State: Netherlands; %: 1.3 ā€¢ No.: 16; Member State: Mexico; %: 1.2 ā€¢ No.: 17; Member State: Saudi Arabia; %: 1.1 ā€¢ No.: 18; Member State: Switzerland; %: 1.1 ā€¢ No.: 19; Member State: Argentina; %: 0.9 ā€¢ No.: 20; Member State: Sweden; %: 0.9 ā€¢ No.: 21; Member State: India; %: 0.8 ā€¢ Source: www.un.orgā€
Why relevant

Lists Turkey, Mexico and Argentina among top contributors to the UN regular budget (showing they are internationally significant states with notable global roles).

How to extend

A student could combine this indication of international significance with a G20 membership roster to assess likelihood that these countries are G20 members.

Indian Economy, Nitin Singhania .(ed 2nd 2021-22) > Chapter 18: International Economic Institutions > Indian Economy > p. 518
Strength: 3/5
ā€œTill now, only two member countries (Republic of North Macedonia and Morocco) have used the PLL. Note: \bullet ā€¢ The majority of the loans provided by IMF is through SBA.ā€¢ The largest ever financial assistance given by IMF to a member country was to Argentina in 2018 (US$ 57 billion).ā€¢ India is not an LIC as per IMF and thus not eligible for concessional lending by IMF.ā€
Why relevant

States Argentina received the largest-ever IMF assistance in 2018 (US$57 billion), signalling Argentina's prominent role in global financial dealings.

How to extend

A student could infer Argentina's economic prominence makes G20 membership plausible and then verify against an official 2020 G20 list.

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Statement analysis

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Statement analysis

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