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Q12 (IAS/2022) Geography › World Human & Economic Geography › Global humanitarian issues Official Key

Consider the following statements : 1. Bidibidi is a large refugee settlement in north-western Kenya. 2. Some people who fled from South Sudan civil war live in Bidibidi. 3. Some people who fled from civil war in Somalia live in Dadaab refugee complex in Kenya. Which of the statements given above is/are correct ?

Result
Your answer: —  ·  Correct: C
Explanation

The correct answer is Option 3 (2 and 3). This is based on the geographical location and demographic composition of major refugee settlements in East Africa.

  • Statement 1 is incorrect: Bidibidi is located in northwestern Uganda (Yumbe District), not Kenya. It became one of the world's largest refugee settlements following the massive influx of people in 2016.
  • Statement 2 is correct: Bidibidi was specifically established to host refugees fleeing the brutal South Sudan civil war. The vast majority of its inhabitants are South Sudanese nationals.
  • Statement 3 is correct: The Dadaab refugee complex is located in eastern Kenya. For decades, it has served as the primary destination for hundreds of thousands of people fleeing instability, famine, and the protracted civil war in Somalia.

Since statement 1 is geographically inaccurate while statements 2 and 3 correctly identify the refugee-conflict correlations, Option 3 is the only valid choice.

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Each bar shows the % of students who chose that option. Green bar = correct answer, blue outline = your choice.
Community Performance
Out of everyone who attempted this question.
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got it right
PROVENANCE & STUDY PATTERN
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Don’t just practise – reverse-engineer the question. This panel shows where this PYQ came from (books / web), how the examiner broke it into hidden statements, and which nearby micro-concepts you were supposed to learn from it. Treat it like an autopsy of the question: what might have triggered it, which exact lines in the book matter, and what linked ideas you should carry forward to future questions.
Q. Consider the following statements : 1. Bidibidi is a large refugee settlement in north-western Kenya. 2. Some people who fled from South …
At a glance
Origin: Mostly Current Affairs Fairness: Low / Borderline fairness Books / CA: 0/10 · 6.7/10

This question is a classic 'Superlative Trap'. Bidibidi was asked not randomly, but because it overtook Dadaab as the 'World's Largest Refugee Settlement' around 2017. If a place becomes #1 globally, you must map its country and the specific conflict causing the influx.

How this question is built

This question can be broken into the following sub-statements. Tap a statement sentence to jump into its detailed analysis.

Statement 1
Is the Bidibidi refugee settlement located in north-western Kenya?
Origin: Weak / unclear Fairness: Borderline / guessy
Indirect textbook clues
Contemporary World Politics, Textbook in political science for Class XII (NCERT 2025 ed.) > Chapter 5: Security in the Contemporary World > Refugees in the world (2017) > p. 74
Strength: 4/5
“Source: http://www.unhcr.org their country of origin, people who have fled their homes but remain within national borders are called 'internally displaced people'. Kashmiri Pandits that fled the violence in the Kashmir Valley in the early 1990s are an example of an internally displaced community. The world refugee map tallies almost perfectly with the world conflicts map because wars and armed conflicts in the South have generated millions of refugees seeking safe haven. From 1990 to 1995, 70 states were involved in 93 wars which killed about 55 lakh people. As a result, individuals, and families and, at times, whole communities have been forced to migrate because of generalised fear of violence or due to the destruction of livelihoods, identities and living environments.”
Why relevant

Explains that refugee settlements correlate strongly with conflict zones and neighbouring safe areas (world refugee map matches conflict map).

How to extend

A student could check where major recent conflicts generating refugees occurred (and which countries border those conflict zones) on a map to see if Bidibidi plausibly lies in NW Kenya.

Political Theory, Class XI (NCERT 2025 ed.) > Chapter 6: Citizenship > 6.5 UNIVERSAL CITIZENSHIP > p. 92
Strength: 3/5
“When we think of refugees, or illegal migrants, many images may come to mind. One may be of people from Asia or Africa who have paid agents to smuggle them into Europe or America. The risks are high but they seem willing to make the effort. Another image may be of people displaced by war or famine. Such images are often shown on the television. Refugees in the Darfur region of Sudan, Palestinians, Burmese or Bangladeshis, the examples are many. All these are people who have been forced to become refugees in their own, or neighbouring countries.”
Why relevant

Gives examples of refugee movements being regional (Darfur, Palestinians, Burmese), illustrating refugees often settle in neighbouring countries/regions.

How to extend

Use a map to see which country neighbours the origin of the refugees associated with Bidibidi, to judge whether those flows would point to a site in Kenya or elsewhere.

India and the Contemporary World - I. History-Class IX . NCERT(Revised ed 2025) > Chapter 5: Pastoralists in the Modern World > 3.1 Where have the Grazing Lands Gone? > p. 109
Strength: 3/5
“One of the problems the Maasais have faced is the continuous loss of their grazing lands. Before colonial times, Maasailand stretched over a vast area from north Kenya to the steppes of northern Tanzania. In the late nineteenth century, European imperial powers scrambled for territorial possessions in Africa, slicing up the region into different colonies. In 1885, Maasailand was cut into half with an international boundary between British Kenya and German Tanganyika. Subsequently, the best grazing lands were gradually taken over for white settlement and the Maasai were pushed into a small area in”
Why relevant

Describes the geographic extent of Maasailand (north Kenya to northern Tanzania) and colonial-era boundaries in East Africa, providing context about East African regional geography.

How to extend

Combine this East Africa regional outline with a map to place Kenya relative to neighbouring Uganda/South Sudan—helpful when deciding if a named settlement (Bidibidi) is likely in NW Kenya or across the border.

India and the Contemporary World - I. History-Class IX . NCERT(Revised ed 2025) > Chapter 5: Pastoralists in the Modern World > On Tanganyika > p. 110
Strength: 3/5
“south Kenya and north Tanzania. The Maasai lost about 60 per cent of their pre-colonial lands. They were confined to an arid zone with uncertain rainfall and poor pastures. From the late nineteenth century, the British colonial government in east Africa also encouraged local peasant communities to expand cultivation. As cultivation expanded, pasturelands were turned into cultivated fields. In pre-colonial times, the Maasai pastoralists had dominated their agricultural neighbours both economically and politically. By the end of colonial rule the situation had reversed. Large areas of grazing land were also turned into game reserves like the Maasai Mara and Samburu National Park in Kenya and Serengeti Park in Tanzania.”
Why relevant

Further notes Kenya/Tanzania geography and how territories were partitioned in East Africa, reinforcing the need to use regional maps for precise location.

How to extend

A student could use these regional pointers plus a political map of East Africa to test whether Bidibidi’s reported location fits within north-western Kenya or in a neighbouring country.

Politics in India since Independence, Textbook in political science for Class XII (NCERT 2025 ed.) > Chapter 7: Regional Aspirations > The North-East > p. 130
Strength: 2/5
“and many other places in the North-East. This problem is particularly acute, for example, in Tripura as the original inhabitants have been reduced to being a minority in their own land. The same feeling informs the hostility of the local population to Chakma refugees in Mizoram and Arunachal Pradesh. To end the news, here is a look at the activities of terrorists in the four regions... Punjab, Darjeeling, Delhi, Mizoram Credit: HT book of Cartoon Rambabu Mathur”
Why relevant

Mentions that local populations react to incoming refugees (example: Chakma refugees in Indian states), illustrating that refugee settlements are often notable enough to be regionally identified.

How to extend

Use this pattern (refugee groups tied to particular localities) to look up which national/local area is commonly associated with the Bidibidi name on a map or in reports, to accept or reject a NW Kenya location.

Statement 2
Does the Bidibidi refugee settlement host people who fled the South Sudan civil war?
Origin: Web / Current Affairs Fairness: CA heavy Web-answerable

Web source
Presence: 5/5
"Home to over 270,000 refugees from South Sudan's brutal civil war, northern Uganda's Bidi Bidi settlement has become the world's largest refugee camp"
Why this source?
  • Explicitly states Bidi Bidi settlement is home to refugees from South Sudan's civil war.
  • Gives scale: identifies Bidi Bidi as hosting over 270,000 refugees from that conflict.
Web source
Presence: 5/5
"Elizabeth, 14, lost both her parents in the South Sudanese civil war. She arrived in Uganda's Bidi Bidi refugee camp with her sister and two brothers."
Why this source?
  • Provides a specific example of an individual who fled the South Sudanese civil war and arrived at Bidi Bidi.
  • Confirms Bidi Bidi functions as a refuge for people displaced by that war.
Web source
Presence: 4/5
"South Sudanese refugees queue to receive lunch at the Imvepi reception centre, where newly arrived refugees are processed before being allocated plots of land in nearby Bidi Bidi refugee settlement"
Why this source?
  • Mentions people fleeing South Sudan's civil war and links newly arrived South Sudanese refugees to allocation of plots in Bidi Bidi settlement.
  • Shows processing of South Sudanese refugees leads to placement in Bidi Bidi.

Contemporary World Politics, Textbook in political science for Class XII (NCERT 2025 ed.) > Chapter 5: Security in the Contemporary World > Refugees in the world (2017) > p. 74
Strength: 4/5
“Source: http://www.unhcr.org their country of origin, people who have fled their homes but remain within national borders are called 'internally displaced people'. Kashmiri Pandits that fled the violence in the Kashmir Valley in the early 1990s are an example of an internally displaced community. The world refugee map tallies almost perfectly with the world conflicts map because wars and armed conflicts in the South have generated millions of refugees seeking safe haven. From 1990 to 1995, 70 states were involved in 93 wars which killed about 55 lakh people. As a result, individuals, and families and, at times, whole communities have been forced to migrate because of generalised fear of violence or due to the destruction of livelihoods, identities and living environments.”
Why relevant

States that wars and armed conflicts generate millions of refugees who seek safe haven in other places.

How to extend

A student could combine this rule with the known location of Bidibidi (near South Sudan) to infer that conflict-driven refugees from South Sudan plausibly seek nearby settlements.

Political Theory, Class XI (NCERT 2025 ed.) > Chapter 6: Citizenship > 6.5 UNIVERSAL CITIZENSHIP > p. 92
Strength: 4/5
“When we think of refugees, or illegal migrants, many images may come to mind. One may be of people from Asia or Africa who have paid agents to smuggle them into Europe or America. The risks are high but they seem willing to make the effort. Another image may be of people displaced by war or famine. Such images are often shown on the television. Refugees in the Darfur region of Sudan, Palestinians, Burmese or Bangladeshis, the examples are many. All these are people who have been forced to become refugees in their own, or neighbouring countries.”
Why relevant

Gives examples of refugees from Sudan (Darfur) and broadly notes people displaced by war in Africa become refugees in neighbouring countries.

How to extend

Using a map showing Bidibidi in a neighbouring country to South Sudan, one could reasonably suspect those displaced by South Sudanese conflict might be hosted there.

Geography of India ,Majid Husain, (McGrawHill 9th ed.) > Chapter 13: Cultural Setting > Recent International Migration > p. 102
Strength: 3/5
“Because of the rising number of civil wars, and local conflicts, the total number of internally displaced persons now adds upto about 45 million worldwide. Africa (Somalia, Sudan), Albania, Macedonia, and South-West Asia (Afghanistan, Iran, Iraq, Syria, Lebanon, Turkey, etc.) are the worst affected regions, with upto 25 million people having been internally displaced. During the recent decades, the major destinations for the permanent settlers have been the USA, Canada, Australia, and New Zealand. The contributions of the Third World countries to their immigration is nearly 77%. In recent period, environmental degradation and natural disasters have also forced the people to out-migrate from their places.”
Why relevant

Identifies Africa (including Sudan) as a region with very large numbers of internally displaced persons due to civil wars and local conflicts.

How to extend

A student could infer that large refugee flows from Sudan/South Sudan regions create nearby refugee settlements that host these populations, then check Bidibidi's proximity.

Political Theory, Class XI (NCERT 2025 ed.) > Chapter 6: Citizenship > Political Theory > p. 93
Strength: 4/5
“People may be displaced by wars, or persecution, famine, or other reasons. If no state is willing to accept them and they cannot return home, they become stateless peoples or refugees. They may be forced to live in camps, or as illegal migrants. Often they cannot legally work, or educate their children, or acquire property. The problem is so great that the U.N. has appointed a High Commissioner for Refugees to try to help them. Decisions regarding how many people can be absorbed as citizens in a country poses a difficult humanitarian and political problem for many states. Many countries have a policy of accepting those fleeing from persecution or war.”
Why relevant

Explains that people displaced by wars become refugees and that the UNHCR assists such populations, implying organised camps/settlements are typical responses.

How to extend

A student could look for UNHCR-registered settlements near South Sudan (e.g., Bidibidi) as likely hosts of war-displaced South Sudanese.

INDIA PEOPLE AND ECONOMY, TEXTBOOK IN GEOGRAPHY FOR CLASS XII (NCERT 2025 ed.) > Chapter 9: Geographical Perspective on Selected Issues and Problems > Refugee > p. 115
Strength: 3/5
“People who are forced to take shelter in other country due to life threatening situation, insecurity, war or violation of human rights in their own country.”
Why relevant

Defines refugees as people forced to take shelter in another country due to life‑threatening situations like war.

How to extend

Combine this definition with the fact of the South Sudan civil war and Bidibidi's geographic location to assess plausibility that Bidibidi hosts such refugees.

Statement 3
Does the Dadaab refugee complex in Kenya host people who fled the civil war in Somalia?
Origin: Web / Current Affairs Fairness: CA heavy Web-answerable

Web source
Presence: 5/5
"The Dadaab refugee complex was established in 1991, when refugees fleeing the civil war in Somalia started to cross the border into Kenya."
Why this source?
  • Explicitly states when Dadaab was established and the origin of those who arrived.
  • Directly links Dadaab’s founding to refugees fleeing the civil war in Somalia.
Web source
Presence: 5/5
"Dadaab, located in Kenya’s northeastern region, was established in 1991 by the U.N. as a temporary haven for refugees fleeing civil war in Somalia."
Why this source?
  • Describes Dadaab as a haven established specifically for refugees fleeing Somalia's civil war.
  • Confirms Dadaab’s purpose and location in Kenya’s northeast as hosting those refugees.
Web source
Presence: 5/5
"In 1991, following an influx of over 400,000 people fleeing state failure and civil war in Somalia, Ethiopia, and Sudan, Kenya enacted new policies for refugees."
Why this source?
  • Places the 1991 influx in the context of people fleeing civil war in Somalia (among others) which prompted Kenya’s refugee policies and encampment.
  • Supports that refugees from Somalia were among those housed in camps in Kenya beginning in 1991.

Contemporary World Politics, Textbook in political science for Class XII (NCERT 2025 ed.) > Chapter 5: Security in the Contemporary World > Refugees in the world (2017) > p. 74
Strength: 5/5
“Source: http://www.unhcr.org their country of origin, people who have fled their homes but remain within national borders are called 'internally displaced people'. Kashmiri Pandits that fled the violence in the Kashmir Valley in the early 1990s are an example of an internally displaced community. The world refugee map tallies almost perfectly with the world conflicts map because wars and armed conflicts in the South have generated millions of refugees seeking safe haven. From 1990 to 1995, 70 states were involved in 93 wars which killed about 55 lakh people. As a result, individuals, and families and, at times, whole communities have been forced to migrate because of generalised fear of violence or due to the destruction of livelihoods, identities and living environments.”
Why relevant

Mentions UNHCR as a source and states that world refugee patterns 'tally almost perfectly with the world conflicts map' — wars/armed conflicts generate refugees seeking safe haven.

How to extend

A student could combine this rule with the known Somalia civil war and UNHCR's role to suspect that refugees from Somalia would seek nearby safe havens such as Kenyan camps.

Geography of India ,Majid Husain, (McGrawHill 9th ed.) > Chapter 13: Cultural Setting > Recent International Migration > p. 102
Strength: 5/5
“Because of the rising number of civil wars, and local conflicts, the total number of internally displaced persons now adds upto about 45 million worldwide. Africa (Somalia, Sudan), Albania, Macedonia, and South-West Asia (Afghanistan, Iran, Iraq, Syria, Lebanon, Turkey, etc.) are the worst affected regions, with upto 25 million people having been internally displaced. During the recent decades, the major destinations for the permanent settlers have been the USA, Canada, Australia, and New Zealand. The contributions of the Third World countries to their immigration is nearly 77%. In recent period, environmental degradation and natural disasters have also forced the people to out-migrate from their places.”
Why relevant

Lists Africa (Somalia, Sudan) among worst affected regions for displacement, indicating Somalia is a significant source of people forced to leave homes by conflict.

How to extend

Using a map, a student could note Somalia's proximity to Kenya and infer that displaced Somalis likely crossed into neighbouring Kenya.

Political Theory, Class XI (NCERT 2025 ed.) > Chapter 6: Citizenship > 6.5 UNIVERSAL CITIZENSHIP > p. 92
Strength: 4/5
“When we think of refugees, or illegal migrants, many images may come to mind. One may be of people from Asia or Africa who have paid agents to smuggle them into Europe or America. The risks are high but they seem willing to make the effort. Another image may be of people displaced by war or famine. Such images are often shown on the television. Refugees in the Darfur region of Sudan, Palestinians, Burmese or Bangladeshis, the examples are many. All these are people who have been forced to become refugees in their own, or neighbouring countries.”
Why relevant

Gives examples of refugees displaced by war or famine and notes many such movements are from African countries; frames refugees as those forced to neighbouring countries.

How to extend

A student could take the example pattern (regional flight to neighbouring states) and apply it to Somalis fleeing civil war, checking neighbouring Kenya as a likely destination.

Political Theory, Class XI (NCERT 2025 ed.) > Chapter 6: Citizenship > Political Theory > p. 93
Strength: 4/5
“People may be displaced by wars, or persecution, famine, or other reasons. If no state is willing to accept them and they cannot return home, they become stateless peoples or refugees. They may be forced to live in camps, or as illegal migrants. Often they cannot legally work, or educate their children, or acquire property. The problem is so great that the U.N. has appointed a High Commissioner for Refugees to try to help them. Decisions regarding how many people can be absorbed as citizens in a country poses a difficult humanitarian and political problem for many states. Many countries have a policy of accepting those fleeing from persecution or war.”
Why relevant

Defines refugees as people unable to return home and notes the UN has a High Commissioner for Refugees to help them, implying organized responses/camps exist.

How to extend

Knowing UNHCR organizes camps, a student could look for known refugee complexes in neighbouring states (e.g., Kenya) as likely sites for Somalis who fled civil war.

Pattern takeaway: UPSC tests 'Places in News' by swapping the host country. They know you associate 'Refugee Camp' with 'Africa', so they swap Uganda (Bidibidi) with Kenya to trap you. Always verify the specific border region.
How you should have studied
  1. [THE VERDICT]: Current Affairs Sitter (if you read newspapers) / Bouncer (if static-reliant). Source: The Hindu/BBC reports on 'Uganda's Refugee Crisis' (2017-18).
  2. [THE CONCEPTUAL TRIGGER]: International Relations > Humanitarian Crises > Major Migration Corridors.
  3. [THE HORIZONTAL EXPANSION]: Map these camps: Kutupalong (Bangladesh/Rohingya), Zaatari (Jordan/Syria), Kakuma (Kenya/South Sudanese), Bhashan Char (Bangladesh/Relocation), Lampedusa (Italy/Mediterranean route).
  4. [THE STRATEGIC METACOGNITION]: Don't just read 'Civil War in South Sudan'. Ask the operational question: 'Where are the people running to?' and 'What is the name of the camp receiving them?'
Concept hooks from this question
📌 Adjacent topic to master
S1
👉 Refugees vs Internally Displaced Persons (IDPs)
💡 The insight

Distinguishes whether people live across an international border (refugees) or remain inside their country (IDPs), which is essential for locating a named settlement.

High-yield for questions on migration and humanitarian issues: helps classify and map populations, informs policy and legal frameworks, and links to UNHCR/state responsibilities. Mastering this concept aids in answering placement, jurisdiction and protection-related questions.

📚 Reading List :
  • Contemporary World Politics, Textbook in political science for Class XII (NCERT 2025 ed.) > Chapter 5: Security in the Contemporary World > Refugees in the world (2017) > p. 74
  • Political Theory, Class XI (NCERT 2025 ed.) > Chapter 6: Citizenship > 6.5 UNIVERSAL CITIZENSHIP > p. 92
🔗 Anchor: "Is the Bidibidi refugee settlement located in north-western Kenya?"
📌 Adjacent topic to master
S1
👉 Colonial-era boundaries and modern East African borders
💡 The insight

Knowledge of how Maasailand and other regions were divided between colonial powers clarifies which modern country a place in north-eastern Africa is likely to fall in.

Frequently relevant in geography and modern history questions: explains present-day country borders, population distributions and settlement locations. Useful for map-based elimination and for linking historical boundary changes to contemporary settlement locations.

📚 Reading List :
  • India and the Contemporary World - I. History-Class IX . NCERT(Revised ed 2025) > Chapter 5: Pastoralists in the Modern World > 3.1 Where have the Grazing Lands Gone? > p. 109
  • India and the Contemporary World - I. History-Class IX . NCERT(Revised ed 2025) > Chapter 5: Pastoralists in the Modern World > On Tanganyika > p. 110
🔗 Anchor: "Is the Bidibidi refugee settlement located in north-western Kenya?"
📌 Adjacent topic to master
S1
👉 Host-country identification for refugee settlements
💡 The insight

Knowing how and where governments establish refugee camps and settlements helps determine which country hosts a particular settlement.

Important for contemporary world politics and human geography: connects refugee policy, internal capacity and regional patterns of asylum. Enables candidates to reason which countries are likely hosts and to interpret references to named settlements in questions.

📚 Reading List :
  • Rajiv Ahir. A Brief History of Modern India (2019 ed.). SPECTRUM. > Chapter 33: Challenges Before the New-born Nation > Centres of Refugee Settlements in India > p. 600
  • Contemporary World Politics, Textbook in political science for Class XII (NCERT 2025 ed.) > Chapter 5: Security in the Contemporary World > Refugees in the world (2017) > p. 74
🔗 Anchor: "Is the Bidibidi refugee settlement located in north-western Kenya?"
📌 Adjacent topic to master
S2
👉 Refugee vs Internally Displaced Person (IDP)
💡 The insight

Distinguishes people who cross international borders (refugees) from those displaced but remaining inside their country (IDPs).

High-yield for questions on migration, humanitarian response and legal status; links to asylum policy, international law and domestic displacement management. Enables candidates to classify displacement scenarios and predict which agencies (national vs international) lead responses.

📚 Reading List :
  • Contemporary World Politics, Textbook in political science for Class XII (NCERT 2025 ed.) > Chapter 5: Security in the Contemporary World > Refugees in the world (2017) > p. 74
  • INDIA PEOPLE AND ECONOMY, TEXTBOOK IN GEOGRAPHY FOR CLASS XII (NCERT 2025 ed.) > Chapter 9: Geographical Perspective on Selected Issues and Problems > Refugee > p. 115
🔗 Anchor: "Does the Bidibidi refugee settlement host people who fled the South Sudan civil ..."
📌 Adjacent topic to master
S2
👉 Civil war as a primary driver of refugee flows
💡 The insight

Civil wars and armed conflicts are a common cause forcing people to flee across borders seeking safety.

Useful for answering polity, international relations and contemporary issues questions linking conflict zones to migration patterns; helps in mapping refugee origins and assessing geopolitical impacts on host states and humanitarian needs.

📚 Reading List :
  • Contemporary World Politics, Textbook in political science for Class XII (NCERT 2025 ed.) > Chapter 5: Security in the Contemporary World > Refugees in the world (2017) > p. 74
  • Geography of India ,Majid Husain, (McGrawHill 9th ed.) > Chapter 13: Cultural Setting > Recent International Migration > p. 102
  • Political Theory, Class XI (NCERT 2025 ed.) > Chapter 6: Citizenship > 6.5 UNIVERSAL CITIZENSHIP > p. 92
🔗 Anchor: "Does the Bidibidi refugee settlement host people who fled the South Sudan civil ..."
📌 Adjacent topic to master
S2
👉 UNHCR role and statelessness issues
💡 The insight

International mechanisms exist to protect refugees and address the plight of stateless people who cannot be absorbed by states.

Important for questions on international institutions, human rights and refugee law; helps explain institutional responses, mandate of agencies, and policy debates on admission, resettlement and legal protection.

📚 Reading List :
  • Political Theory, Class XI (NCERT 2025 ed.) > Chapter 6: Citizenship > Political Theory > p. 93
🔗 Anchor: "Does the Bidibidi refugee settlement host people who fled the South Sudan civil ..."
📌 Adjacent topic to master
S3
👉 Refugee vs Internally Displaced Person (IDP)
💡 The insight

Distinguishes those who cross international borders (refugees) from those who flee but remain within their country (internally displaced persons).

High-yield for humanitarian and international-relations questions: exams often ask legal/policy differences, protection frameworks, and operational responses. It links to UNHCR mandates, asylum law, and internal security/policy topics, enabling answers on why some groups require cross-border asylum while others need internal relief.

📚 Reading List :
  • Contemporary World Politics, Textbook in political science for Class XII (NCERT 2025 ed.) > Chapter 5: Security in the Contemporary World > Refugees in the world (2017) > p. 74
  • INDIA PEOPLE AND ECONOMY, TEXTBOOK IN GEOGRAPHY FOR CLASS XII (NCERT 2025 ed.) > Chapter 9: Geographical Perspective on Selected Issues and Problems > Refugee > p. 115
  • Political Theory, Class XI (NCERT 2025 ed.) > Chapter 6: Citizenship > Political Theory > p. 93
🔗 Anchor: "Does the Dadaab refugee complex in Kenya host people who fled the civil war in S..."
🌑 The Hidden Trap

Kakuma Refugee Camp. This is the actual camp in North-Western Kenya (Turkana County) that hosts South Sudanese refugees. The examiner swapped 'Kakuma' with 'Bidibidi' (Uganda) in Statement 1 to confuse you.

⚡ Elimination Cheat Code

Geography of Conflict Logic: Refugees flee to the nearest accessible border. Somalia is East of Kenya -> Dadaab (East Kenya) makes sense. South Sudan is North of Uganda. While Kenya also borders South Sudan, the 'West Nile' region of Uganda is the primary basin for South Sudanese flow. If you recall the news headline 'Uganda hosts world's largest camp', Statement 1 (Kenya) is eliminated immediately.

🔗 Mains Connection

GS-2 (International Relations): Contrast the 'Kampala Convention' (African Union's framework for IDPs) with India's stance (Not a signatory to the 1951 Refugee Convention). Why does Uganda have a progressive 'open-door' policy compared to Europe?

✓ Thank you! We'll review this.

SIMILAR QUESTIONS

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Consider the following statements about. Salt Satyagraha : 1. It was a form of Civil Disobeience 2. It was the first nationalist activity in which women participated in large numbers 3. Gandhiji first experimented with Salt Satyagraha in South Africa. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

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Consider the following statements: 1. Chikmagalur is well-known for sugar production. 2. Mandya is well-known as a coffee-producing region. Which of the statements given is/are correct?