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Q24 (IAS/2022) Polity & Governance › Governance, Policies & Social Justice › Administrative machinery structure Official Key

Consider the following statements: 1. The India Sanitation Coalition is a platform to promote sustainable sanitation and is funded by the Government of India and the World Health Organization. 2. The National Institute of Urban Affairs is an apex body of the Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs in Government of India and provides innovative solutions to address the challenges of Urban India. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

Result
Your answer: —  Âˇ  Correct: D
Explanation

The correct answer is Option 4 (Neither 1 nor 2) because both statements contain factual inaccuracies regarding the nature and governance of these organizations.

  • Statement 1 is incorrect: The India Sanitation Coalition (ISC) is a multi-stakeholder platform launched by FICCI (Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce and Industry). It is not a government-funded body or a WHO initiative; rather, it brings together the private sector, NGOs, and bilateral partners to support the Swachh Bharat Mission through corporate social responsibility and private funding.
  • Statement 2 is incorrect: The National Institute of Urban Affairs (NIUA) is an autonomous body registered under the Societies Registration Act. While it works closely with the Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs (MoHUA), it is not an "apex body of the Ministry" in a structural or administrative sense, but rather a premier research and advisory institute for the urban sector.

Since neither statement accurately describes the funding or institutional status of the respective entities, Option 4 is the right choice.

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PROVENANCE & STUDY PATTERN
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Don’t just practise – reverse-engineer the question. This panel shows where this PYQ came from (books / web), how the examiner broke it into hidden statements, and which nearby micro-concepts you were supposed to learn from it. Treat it like an autopsy of the question: what might have triggered it, which exact lines in the book matter, and what linked ideas you should carry forward to future questions.
Q. Consider the following statements: 1. The India Sanitation Coalition is a platform to promote sustainable sanitation and is funded by the…
At a glance
Origin: Mostly Current Affairs Fairness: Low / Borderline fairness Books / CA: 0/10 ¡ 2.5/10
You're seeing a guest preview. The Verdict and first statement analysis are open. Login with Google to unlock all tabs.

This is a classic 'Institutional DNA' question. UPSC tests if you can distinguish between a Government body (NIUA) and an Industry-led platform (ISC). The trap lies in the 'Funding' detail of Statement 1—attributing a private/industry initiative (FICCI) to the Government and WHO.

How this question is built

This question can be broken into the following sub-statements. Tap a statement sentence to jump into its detailed analysis.

Statement 1
Is the India Sanitation Coalition a platform established to promote sustainable sanitation in India?
Origin: Web / Current Affairs Fairness: CA heavy Web-answerable

Web source
Presence: 5/5
"The India Sanitation Coalition has been established to bring organisations and individuals together on a common platform to find sustainable solutions for sanitation through dissemination of best practices, partnerships and collaboration and advocacy."
Why this source?
  • Explicitly states the India Sanitation Coalition 'has been established' to bring organisations and individuals together on a common platform.
  • Specifies the platform's purpose is 'to find sustainable solutions for sanitation' through best practices, partnerships and advocacy.
Web source
Presence: 5/5
"India Sanitation Coalition (ISC), launched in June 2015, at Federation of Indian Chamber Commerce and Industry (FICCI), enables and supports safe and sustainable sanitation by bringing multiple organizations on a common platform"
Why this source?
  • Official ISC site description states ISC 'enables and supports safe and sustainable sanitation'.
  • Says ISC brings multiple organizations 'on a common platform', matching the claim that it is a platform for promoting sustainable sanitation.
Web source
Presence: 5/5
"Purpose ======= To bring organizations and individuals together to find sustainable solutions for sanitation through a platform for corporates, civil society groups, government, financial institutions, media/donors/ bilaterals/ multilaterals ,experts."
Why this source?
  • Defines the Coalition's purpose 'To bring organizations and individuals together to find sustainable solutions for sanitation through a platform'.
  • Mission language links ISC to achieving 'sustainable sanitation' aligned with national goals.

Indian Economy, Nitin Singhania .(ed 2nd 2021-22) > Chapter 21: Sustainable Development and Climate Change > SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS > p. 600
Strength: 4/5
“India has been playing a leading role in promoting global engagement platforms such as the International Solar Alliance (ISA), the Coalition for Disaster Resilience Infrastructure (CDRI) Localising SDGs - Sensitisation and Awareness Development: According to NITI Aayog VNR Report, 'a process of country-wide sensitisation and awareness development of all stakeholders has also been at the core of the coordination process, because effectiveness in policy coherence requires the knowledge and awareness to design and manage appropriate implementation strategies while engaging multiple stakeholders. NITI Aayog, in partnership with the United Nations and other knowledge partners, initiated sensitisation and awareness building measures from an early stage.'”
Why relevant

Describes India promoting and using 'global engagement platforms' and sensitisation partnerships (NITI Aayog with UN) to coordinate stakeholders for implementation.

How to extend

A student could infer that similar domestic 'platforms' or coalitions are a common mechanism and therefore check whether India Sanitation Coalition is such a stakeholder platform working with government/UN/NGOs.

Indian Economy, Vivek Singh (7th ed. 2023-24) > Chapter 8: Inclusive growth and issues > 8.15 Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) > p. 279
Strength: 4/5
“• Provide Quality Education• Enforce Gender Equality• Improve Clean Water and Sanitation• Affordable and Clean Energy• Create Decent Work and Economic Growth• Increase Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure• Reduce Inequality• Mobilize Sustainable Cities and Communities• Influence Responsible Consumption and Production• Organize Climate Action• Develop Life Below Water• Advance Life on Land• Guarantee Peace, Justice, and Strong Institutions• Build Partnerships for the Goals Several initiatives have been taken at both the national and the sub national level to mainstream the SDGs into the policies, schemes and programmes of the Government. India has been taking several proactive climate actions to fulfil its obligations "on the basis of equality and in accordance with their common but differentiated responsibilities and respective capabilities".”
Why relevant

Lists 'Build Partnerships for the Goals' and includes 'Improve Clean Water and Sanitation' among SDG targets, implying partnerships/platforms are expected tools to advance sanitation goals.

How to extend

Use this rule to look for organisations named 'Coalition' or 'Platform' tied to SDG sanitation targets to see if India Sanitation Coalition fits this expected role.

Rajiv Ahir. A Brief History of Modern India (2019 ed.). SPECTRUM. > Chapter 39: After Nehru... > Health Policy > p. 781
Strength: 4/5
“It was a nation-wide campaign in India aimed at cleaning up the streets, roads, and infrastructure of India's cities, towns and rural areas, and doing away with manual scavenging. The main aim was to make the country free of open defecation to which purpose government encouraged the building of toilets. In 2018, the World Health Organisation said thousands of deaths from diarrhoea were averted in rural India after the launch of the sanitation mission.”
Why relevant

Describes nationwide sanitation campaigns (aimed at open-defecation-free India and building toilets) as the kind of coordinated initiatives used to promote sanitation.

How to extend

Compare the India Sanitation Coalition's stated activities to those campaign features (awareness, toilet building, reducing open defecation) to judge whether it is a promoting platform.

Geography of India ,Majid Husain, (McGrawHill 9th ed.) > Chapter 14: Settlements > SLUMS AND ASSOCIATED PROBLEMS > p. 42
Strength: 3/5
“On October 2, 2014, Swachh Bharat Mission was launched throughout the country with an aim to achieve the vision of a "Clean and Open Defecation-Free India" by October 2, 2019. The percentage of latrines in households has increased from 88.7% in 2002 to 91.2% in 2012. Many people, especially children, defecate anywhere in the slum area. • (iv) Running water (piped water) is missing.• (v) People wash their clothes and utensils under the hand-pumps.• (vi) There is low sex ratio in the slum areas.”
Why relevant

Notes the Swachh Bharat Mission launch as a national programme to achieve 'Clean and Open Defecation-Free India', showing government-led missions often partner with other bodies for sanitation.

How to extend

Check whether the India Sanitation Coalition is listed as a partner or platform supporting such national missions, which would be consistent with the pattern shown.

Rajiv Ahir. A Brief History of Modern India (2019 ed.). SPECTRUM. > Chapter 26: Constitutional, Administrative and Judicial Developments > Local Bodies > p. 527
Strength: 3/5
“It was decided to decentralise administration by promoting local government through municipalities and district boards which would administer local services like education, health, sanitation, water supply, roads and other basic amenities financed through local taxes. There were many factors which made it necessary for the British government in India to work towards establishing local bodies. (i) Financial difficulties faced by the Government, due to overcentralisation, made decentralisation imperative. (ii) It became necessary that modern advances in civic amenities in Europe be transplanted in India considering India's increasing economic contacts with Europe. (iii) The rising tide of nationalism had improvement in basic facilities as a point on its agenda. (iv) A section of British policy-makers saw association of Indians with the administration in some form or the other,”
Why relevant

States local bodies administer local services including sanitation, illustrating that multi-level institutional cooperation (local, national, coalitions) is typical in sanitation provision.

How to extend

A student could examine whether India Sanitation Coalition operates by engaging local bodies and other stakeholders, matching the multi-level cooperation pattern.

Statement analysis

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Statement analysis

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Statement analysis

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