Question map
Consider the following statements: 1. The India Sanitation Coalition is a platform to promote sustainable sanitation and is funded by the Government of India and the World Health Organization. 2. The National Institute of Urban Affairs is an apex body of the Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs in Government of India and provides innovative solutions to address the challenges of Urban India. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Explanation
The correct answer is Option 4 (Neither 1 nor 2) because both statements contain factual inaccuracies regarding the nature and governance of these organizations.
- Statement 1 is incorrect: The India Sanitation Coalition (ISC) is a multi-stakeholder platform launched by FICCI (Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce and Industry). It is not a government-funded body or a WHO initiative; rather, it brings together the private sector, NGOs, and bilateral partners to support the Swachh Bharat Mission through corporate social responsibility and private funding.
- Statement 2 is incorrect: The National Institute of Urban Affairs (NIUA) is an autonomous body registered under the Societies Registration Act. While it works closely with the Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs (MoHUA), it is not an "apex body of the Ministry" in a structural or administrative sense, but rather a premier research and advisory institute for the urban sector.
Since neither statement accurately describes the funding or institutional status of the respective entities, Option 4 is the right choice.
PROVENANCE & STUDY PATTERN
Guest previewThis is a classic 'Institutional DNA' question. UPSC tests if you can distinguish between a Government body (NIUA) and an Industry-led platform (ISC). The trap lies in the 'Funding' detail of Statement 1âattributing a private/industry initiative (FICCI) to the Government and WHO.
This question can be broken into the following sub-statements. Tap a statement sentence to jump into its detailed analysis.
- Statement 1: Is the India Sanitation Coalition a platform established to promote sustainable sanitation in India?
- Statement 2: Is the India Sanitation Coalition funded by the Government of India and the World Health Organization (WHO)?
- Statement 3: Is the National Institute of Urban Affairs (NIUA) the apex body under the Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs, Government of India?
- Statement 4: Does the National Institute of Urban Affairs (NIUA) provide innovative solutions to address the challenges of urban India?
- Explicitly states the India Sanitation Coalition 'has been established' to bring organisations and individuals together on a common platform.
- Specifies the platform's purpose is 'to find sustainable solutions for sanitation' through best practices, partnerships and advocacy.
- Official ISC site description states ISC 'enables and supports safe and sustainable sanitation'.
- Says ISC brings multiple organizations 'on a common platform', matching the claim that it is a platform for promoting sustainable sanitation.
- Defines the Coalition's purpose 'To bring organizations and individuals together to find sustainable solutions for sanitation through a platform'.
- Mission language links ISC to achieving 'sustainable sanitation' aligned with national goals.
Describes India promoting and using 'global engagement platforms' and sensitisation partnerships (NITI Aayog with UN) to coordinate stakeholders for implementation.
A student could infer that similar domestic 'platforms' or coalitions are a common mechanism and therefore check whether India Sanitation Coalition is such a stakeholder platform working with government/UN/NGOs.
Lists 'Build Partnerships for the Goals' and includes 'Improve Clean Water and Sanitation' among SDG targets, implying partnerships/platforms are expected tools to advance sanitation goals.
Use this rule to look for organisations named 'Coalition' or 'Platform' tied to SDG sanitation targets to see if India Sanitation Coalition fits this expected role.
Describes nationwide sanitation campaigns (aimed at open-defecation-free India and building toilets) as the kind of coordinated initiatives used to promote sanitation.
Compare the India Sanitation Coalition's stated activities to those campaign features (awareness, toilet building, reducing open defecation) to judge whether it is a promoting platform.
Notes the Swachh Bharat Mission launch as a national programme to achieve 'Clean and Open Defecation-Free India', showing government-led missions often partner with other bodies for sanitation.
Check whether the India Sanitation Coalition is listed as a partner or platform supporting such national missions, which would be consistent with the pattern shown.
States local bodies administer local services including sanitation, illustrating that multi-level institutional cooperation (local, national, coalitions) is typical in sanitation provision.
A student could examine whether India Sanitation Coalition operates by engaging local bodies and other stakeholders, matching the multi-level cooperation pattern.
This statement analysis shows book citations, web sources and indirect clues. The first statement (S1) is open for preview.
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This statement analysis shows book citations, web sources and indirect clues. The first statement (S1) is open for preview.
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This statement analysis shows book citations, web sources and indirect clues. The first statement (S1) is open for preview.
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