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Q9 (IAS/2023) Geography › Indian Physical Geography › Indian mountain ranges Official Key

Consider the following statements : 1. Amarkantak Hills are at the confluence of Vindhya and Sahyadri Ranges. 2. Biligirirangan Hills constitute the easternmost part of Satpura Range. 3. Seshachalam Hills constitute the southernmost part of Western Ghats. How many of the statements given above are correct?

Result
Your answer:  ·  Correct: D
Explanation

The correct answer is Option 4 (None) because all three statements are geographically inaccurate based on the physical map of India.

  • Statement 1 is incorrect: Amarkantak Hills are located at the junction of the Vindhya and Satpura ranges (specifically the Maikal range). The Sahyadris (Western Ghats) are located far to the west and do not meet the Vindhyas at Amarkantak.
  • Statement 2 is incorrect: The Biligirirangan Hills (BR Hills) are situated in Karnataka and serve as a biogeographic bridge between the Western Ghats and the Eastern Ghats. They are not part of the Satpura Range, which is located in Central India.
  • Statement 3 is incorrect: The Seshachalam Hills are part of the Eastern Ghats in Andhra Pradesh. The southernmost part of the Western Ghats is typically identified as the Cardamom Hills or the Agasthyamalai biosphere.

Since none of the statements are factually right, Option 4 is the correct choice.

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Q. Consider the following statements : 1. Amarkantak Hills are at the confluence of Vindhya and Sahyadri Ranges. 2. Biligirirangan Hills con…
At a glance
Origin: Mixed / unclear origin Fairness: Low / Borderline fairness Books / CA: 0/10 · 0/10

This is a classic 'Map-based Swap Trap'. The examiner tested the specific junctions (knots) and extremities of major ranges. While the text is in Majid Husain/NCERT, the real source is a mental map of Peninsular India. If you visualized the map, this was easy; if you relied on rote text, it was confusing.

How this question is built

This question can be broken into the following sub-statements. Tap a statement sentence to jump into its detailed analysis.

Statement 1
Are the Amarkantak Hills in India located at the confluence of the Vindhya Range and the Sahyadri (Western Ghats) Range?
Origin: Weak / unclear Fairness: Borderline / guessy
Indirect textbook clues
Geography of India ,Majid Husain, (McGrawHill 9th ed.) > Chapter 2: Physiography > 2. The South Central Highlands > p. 55
Strength: 5/5
“Satpura consists of Rajpipla Hills, Mahadev Hills and the Maikal Range. Dhupgarh (1350 m, near Pachmarhi) is the highest peak of Satpura. Amarkantak (1064 m) is another important peak of the Satpura mountains.”
Why relevant

Explicitly identifies Amarkantak (1064 m) as an important peak of the Satpura mountains, linking Amarkantak to the Satpura/Maikal/Satpura system rather than to the Western Ghats.

How to extend

A student could check a map to see the relative positions of Satpura/Amarkantak versus the Western Ghats to assess whether Amarkantak lies at any Vindhya–Western Ghats junction.

INDIA PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT, Geography Class XI (NCERT 2025 ed.) > Chapter 2: Structure and Physiography > The Deccan Plateau > p. 12
Strength: 4/5
“This is bordered by the Western Ghats in the west, Eastern Ghats in the east and the Satpura, Maikal range and Mahadeo hills in the north. Western Ghats are locally known by different names such as Sahyadri in Maharashtra, Nilgiri hills in Karnataka and Tamil Nadu and Anaimalai hills and Cardamom hills in Kerala. Western Ghats are”
Why relevant

Describes the Deccan Plateau's northern border formed by Satpura, Maikal range and Mahadeo hills, distinguishing these central ranges from the Western Ghats (Sahyadri) on the western edge.

How to extend

Using this rule, a student can place Satpura/Maikal in central India and Western Ghats along the western coast on a map to judge if they meet at Amarkantak.

Geography of India ,Majid Husain, (McGrawHill 9th ed.) > Chapter 2: Physiography > 7. The Western Ghats > p. 58
Strength: 4/5
“The Western Ghats in Sanskrit Sahyadris run parallel to the western coast for about 1600 km in the north south direction from the mouth of the Tapi river to Kanyakumari (Cape Camorin). The western slope of Sahyadri is steep while the eastern slope is gentle. These are block mountains formed due to the downwarping of a part of land into the Arabian Sea. The Sahyadris form a watershed of the peninsula. All the important rivers of Peninsular India, like the Godavari, Krishna, and Kaveri rise from the Western Ghats. The western rivers merging into the Arabian Sea are swift. The Gersoppa (Jog Falls) on Sharvati is the highest waterfall in India.”
Why relevant

Defines the Western Ghats (Sahyadris) as a long north–south range running parallel to the western coast from the Tapi mouth southwards, indicating their general geographic corridor.

How to extend

Combine this corridor with the central location of Satpura to infer whether the Western Ghats extend inland to meet Satpura/Amarkantak.

Environment and Ecology, Majid Hussain (Access publishing 3rd ed.) > Chapter 4: BIODIVERSITY > Western ghats as a World Heritage site > p. 57
Strength: 3/5
“Te Western Ghats and the Sahydri Mountain Range separates the Deccan Plateau from the narrow coastal plain along the Arabian Sea. It starts south of the Tapi River in Gujarat and runs about 1600 km through the states of Maharashtra, Goa, Karnataka, Kerala and Tamil Nadu, ending at Kanyakumari, the southern tip of the Peninsular India (Fig. 4.11). Te main peaks of the Western Ghats are: Asthamudi (2695 m), Doddabetta (2636 m), Mukurthi (2554 m) and Kodaikanal (2133 m). Tere are 5000 species of fowering plants, 139 mammal species, 508 bird species and 179 amphibian species. According to one estimate, 325 globally threatened species are found in the Western Ghats.”
Why relevant

States that the Western Ghats separate the Deccan Plateau from the western coastal plain and lists the states they traverse, emphasizing their coastal alignment and southern extent.

How to extend

A student can use the listed states and coastal alignment on a map to see if the Western Ghats reach eastward to Amarkantak's region.

CONTEMPORARY INDIA-I ,Geography, Class IX . NCERT(Revised ed 2025) > Chapter 2: Physical Features of India > MAP SKILLS > p. 15
Strength: 3/5
“On an outline map of India show the following. • (i) Mountain and hill ranges the Karakoram, the Zaskar, the Patkai Bum, the Jaintia, the Vindhya range, the Aravali, and the Cardamom hills.• (ii) Peaks K2, Kanchenjunga, Nanga Parbat and the Anai Mudi.• (iii) Plateaus, Chotanagpur and Malwa• (iv) The Indian Desert, Western Ghats, Lakshadweep Islands”
Why relevant

Includes the Vindhya range in a list of mountain ranges to be located on a map, implying its distinct identity and providing a prompt to compare positions of Vindhya, Satpura (and Amarkantak), and Western Ghats.

How to extend

A student could mark Vindhya, Satpura/Amarkantak and Western Ghats on an outline map (as the exercise suggests) to evaluate whether Amarkantak lies at a Vindhya–Western Ghats junction.

Statement 2
Do the Biligirirangan (BR) Hills in India constitute the easternmost part of the Satpura Range?
Origin: Weak / unclear Fairness: Borderline / guessy
Indirect textbook clues
Geography of India ,Majid Husain, (McGrawHill 9th ed.) > Chapter 2: Physiography > 2. The South Central Highlands > p. 55
Strength: 5/5
“Satpura consists of Rajpipla Hills, Mahadev Hills and the Maikal Range. Dhupgarh (1350 m, near Pachmarhi) is the highest peak of Satpura. Amarkantak (1064 m) is another important peak of the Satpura mountains.”
Why relevant

Lists the components of the Satpura system (Rajpipla Hills, Mahadev Hills and the Maikal Range), indicating which named sub-ranges make up Satpura.

How to extend

Compare the mapped location of these named sub-ranges with the location of BR Hills to see if BR Hills lie east of them.

Geography of India ,Majid Husain, (McGrawHill 9th ed.) > Chapter 2: Physiography > 2. The South Central Highlands > p. 54
Strength: 5/5
“The Vindhyan Range extends from Jobat (Gujarat) and Chittorgarh (Rajasthan) to Sasaram in Bihar. It extends for about 1050 km with general elevation between 450 to 600 m. Apart from the Kaimur Hills in the east, the Maikal Range forms a connecting link between the Vindhyans and the Satpura mountains. • (i) The Bundelkhand (Vindhyachal Plateau): It is bounded by the Yamuna river in the north, the Vindhyans in the south, the Chambal in the north-west, and Panna-Ajaigarh Range in the south-east. The Bundelkhand upland stretches over the districts of Banda, Hamirpur, Jalaun, Jhansi, and Lalitpur (UP), and Datia, Tikamgarh, Chhatarpur and Panna (MP).”
Why relevant

States that the Maikal Range forms a connecting link between the Vindhyans and the Satpura mountains, implying Maikal is the known eastern connector/limit of Satpura.

How to extend

Locate Maikal on a map relative to BR Hills; if Maikal is east of most Satpura elements and BR is farther east or separate, that affects the claim.

CONTEMPORARY INDIA-I ,Geography, Class IX . NCERT(Revised ed 2025) > Chapter 2: Physical Features of India > The Peninsular Plateau > p. 12
Strength: 4/5
“The further westward extension gradually merges with the sandy and rocky desert of Rajasthan. The flow of the rivers draining this region, namely the Chambal, the Sind, the Betwa and the Ken is from southwest to northeast, thus indicating the slope. The Central Highlands are wider in the west but narrower in the east. The eastward extensions of this plateau are locally known as the Bundelkhand and Baghelkhand. The Chotanagpur plateau marks the further eastward extension, drained by the Damodar river. The Deccan Plateau is a triangular landmass that lies to the south of the river Narmada. The Satpura range flanks its broad base in the north, while the Mahadev, the Kaimur hills and the Maikal range form its eastern extensions.”
Why relevant

Describes Maikal, Mahadev and Kaimur as the eastern extensions of the Deccan plateau and notes the Satpura range flanks the Deccan's broad base in the north—identifying commonly recognized eastern extensions associated with Satpura/peninsular uplands.

How to extend

Use a map to see whether BR Hills fall within or beyond these named eastern extension ranges.

INDIA PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT, Geography Class XI (NCERT 2025 ed.) > Chapter 2: Structure and Physiography > The Central Highlands > p. 13
Strength: 3/5
“They are bounded to the west by the Aravali range. The Satpura range is formed by a series of scarped plateaus on the south, generally at an elevation varying between 600-900 m above the mean sea level. This forms the northernmost boundary of the Deccan plateau. It is a classic example of the relict mountains which are highly denuded and form discontinuous ranges. The extension of the Peninsular plateau can be seen as far as Jaisalmer in the West, where it has been covered by the longitudinal sand ridges and crescent-shaped sand dunes called barchans. This region has undergone metamorphic processes in its geological history, which can be corroborated by the presence of metamorphic rocks such as marble, slate, gneiss, etc.”
Why relevant

Characterizes the Satpura range as a series of discontinuous, scarped plateaus forming the northern boundary of the Deccan plateau, suggesting Satpura's extent is not a single continuous linear ridge and has named segments.

How to extend

Because Satpura is discontinuous, check if BR Hills are a local isolated hill-block or part of a named Satpura segment (e.g., Maikal/Mahadev) on regional maps or geological charts.

Geography of India ,Majid Husain, (McGrawHill 9th ed.) > Chapter 2: Physiography > Physiography and Relief Features of Peninsular India > p. 52
Strength: 3/5
“Covering an area of about 16 lakh sq km, the peninsular upland forms the largest physiographic division of India. With a general elevation between 600–900 m, the region constitutes an irregular triangle with its base lying between the Delhi Ridge and the Rajmahal Hills and the apex formed by Kanyakumari. It is bounded by the Aravallis in the north-west, Maikal Range in the north, Hazaribagh and Rajmahal Hills in the north-east, the Western Ghats (Sahayadri Mountains.) in the west and the Eastern Ghats in the east (Fig. 2.21). The highest peak of Peninsular India-Anai-Mudi (Nilgiris), is 2695 metres above sea level.”
Why relevant

Places the Maikal Range among northern/boundary features of the Peninsular upland, reinforcing Maikal's role as a key northern/eastern marker in the peninsular context.

How to extend

Compare peninsular boundary features (Maikal etc.) with BR Hills’ coordinates to judge whether BR is within the Satpura-linked boundary zone or lies elsewhere.

Statement 3
Do the Seshachalam Hills in India constitute the southernmost part of the Western Ghats?
Origin: Weak / unclear Fairness: Borderline / guessy
Indirect textbook clues
Geography of India ,Majid Husain, (McGrawHill 9th ed.) > Chapter 2: Physiography > 8. The Eastern Ghats > p. 62
Strength: 5/5
“peak of the Eastern Ghats. Among other peaks Dewodi-Munda (1598 m), Singa-Raju (1516 m) and Nimalgiri (1515 m) in the Koraput District and Mahendragiri (1501 m) in Ganjam District are the other important peaks. The predominant rocks of the Eastern Ghats are khondalites, metamorphosed-sedimentary, and charnokites (intrusive rocks being granite). Between the Krishna river and Chinnai are the Kondavidu, Nallamalai, Velikonds, Palkonda, and Erramala Ranges. Their continuation can be seen in the Seshachalam (Cuddapah and Anantapur districts), Javadi, Shevaroy, Panchaimalai, Sirumalai, and Varushnad Hills south west of Madurai (Tamil Nadu).”
Why relevant

Explicitly lists Seshachalam (Cuddapah and Anantapur districts) among ranges that continue as part of the Eastern Ghats/continuations south-west of Madurai.

How to extend

A student could locate Cuddapah/Anantapur on a map to see these hills lie on the eastern side of the peninsula, suggesting they belong to the Eastern Ghats rather than the Western Ghats.

Environment and Ecology, Majid Hussain (Access publishing 3rd ed.) > Chapter 4: BIODIVERSITY > Western ghats as a World Heritage site > p. 57
Strength: 4/5
“Te Western Ghats and the Sahydri Mountain Range separates the Deccan Plateau from the narrow coastal plain along the Arabian Sea. It starts south of the Tapi River in Gujarat and runs about 1600 km through the states of Maharashtra, Goa, Karnataka, Kerala and Tamil Nadu, ending at Kanyakumari, the southern tip of the Peninsular India (Fig. 4.11). Te main peaks of the Western Ghats are: Asthamudi (2695 m), Doddabetta (2636 m), Mukurthi (2554 m) and Kodaikanal (2133 m). Tere are 5000 species of fowering plants, 139 mammal species, 508 bird species and 179 amphibian species. According to one estimate, 325 globally threatened species are found in the Western Ghats.”
Why relevant

States the Western Ghats run through Maharashtra, Goa, Karnataka, Kerala and Tamil Nadu and end at Kanyakumari at the southern tip of India.

How to extend

Compare the geographic end-point (Kanyakumari, western/southern extremity) with the location of Seshachalam to judge if Seshachalam could be part of that chain.

Geography of India ,Majid Husain, (McGrawHill 9th ed.) > Chapter 5: Natural Vegetation and National Parks > Western Ghats: A World Heritage Site > p. 55
Strength: 4/5
“Apart from the World Heritage Site, it is one of the eight hottest hot spots of biological diversity in the world. The Ecologically Sensitive Area (ESA) is 56,825 km2 (2014). The Western Ghats or the Sahyadri is a mountain ranee sec 're western see of the Peninsular India. It separates the Deccan Plateau from the narrow coastal plain along the Arabian Sea (Fig.5.8). The Western Ghats starts south of the Tapi river in Gujarat and runs about 1600 km through the six states of Gujarat, Maharashtra, Goa, Karnataka, Tamil Nadu and Kerala ending at Kanyakumari, at the southern tip of India.”
Why relevant

Repeated description that the Western Ghats run along the western sea coast and end at Kanyakumari, separating Deccan Plateau from Arabian Sea coast.

How to extend

Using this rule (Western Ghats = western coastal range), a student can check whether Seshachalam’s location (inland/eastern districts) aligns with that pattern.

CONTEMPORARY INDIA-I ,Geography, Class IX . NCERT(Revised ed 2025) > Chapter 2: Physical Features of India > The Peninsular Plateau > p. 12
Strength: 3/5
“Locate these hills and ranges in the Physical map of India. The Deccan Plateau is higher in the west and slopes gently eastwards. An extension of the Plateau is also visible in the northeast, locally known as the Meghalaya, Karbi-Anglong Plateau and North Cachar Hills. It is separated by a fault from the Chotanagpur Plateau. Three prominent hill ranges from the west to the east are the Garo, the Khasi and the Jaintia Hills. The Western Ghats and the Eastern Ghats mark the western and the eastern edges of the Deccan Plateau respectively. Western Ghats lie parallel to the western coast.”
Why relevant

States Western Ghats lie parallel to the western coast while Eastern Ghats are along the eastern edge of the Deccan Plateau.

How to extend

Locate Seshachalam relative to the eastern or western edge of the Deccan Plateau to infer which ghats it more likely belongs to.

Exploring Society:India and Beyond ,Social Science-Class VII . NCERT(Revised ed 2025) > Chapter 1: Geographical Diversity of India > DON'T MISS OUT > p. 16
Strength: 3/5
“The Western Ghats have been declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site. They are home to many rivers and have a rich biodiversity. The northern portion of the Western Ghats are also known as the Sahyadri Hills. The Eastern Ghats are lower and broken into smaller hills along the eastern coast. Between these mountain ranges lies the Deccan Plateau, a vast area of flat highlands. Rivers like the Godavari, Krishna, and Kaveri flow across the plateau from west to east. These rivers are important for farming and provide water to millions of people.”
Why relevant

Notes Eastern Ghats are lower, broken into smaller hills along the eastern coast and lists the Deccan Plateau between the two ranges.

How to extend

Since Seshachalam is listed (in 9) among eastern continuations, a student could use the 'broken eastern hills' pattern to see Seshachalam fits the Eastern Ghats profile rather than the continuous western chain.

Pattern takeaway: UPSC creates difficulty by swapping geographic attributes. They claimed Amarkantak connects Vindhya-Sahyadri (False, it's Satpura/Maikal), BR Hills are Satpura (False, they are WG-EG link), and Seshachalam are WG (False, they are EG). The pattern is 'Right Name, Wrong Location'.
How you should have studied
  1. [THE VERDICT]: Sitter for Map-Masters, Trap for Text-Skimmers. Source: NCERT Class XI India Physical (Ch 2) + Oxford Student Atlas.
  2. [THE CONCEPTUAL TRIGGER]: Physiography of Peninsular India > The 'Knots' (Nilgiris, Amarkantak) and 'Terminals' (Southernmost/Easternmost points).
  3. [THE HORIZONTAL EXPANSION]: Memorize the N-S sequence of Eastern Ghats: Nallamala -> Palkonda -> Javadi -> Shevaroy. Memorize the 'Knots': Nilgiris (WG meets EG), Amarkantak (Radial drainage of Narmada/Son/Mahanadi), BR Hills (Ecological bridge WG-EG). Know the southernmost hill: Cardamom Hills.
  4. [THE STRATEGIC METACOGNITION]: The examiner loves 'Junctions' and 'Extremities'. When studying a range, never just read the description. Always ask: 'What does it touch?' and 'Where does it end?'. Statement 1 failed because Satpura lies *between* Vindhya and Sahyadri; they don't touch.
Concept hooks from this question
📌 Adjacent topic to master
S1
👉 Western Ghats (Sahyadri) as the western escarpment of the Deccan Plateau
💡 The insight

The Western Ghats or Sahyadri run parallel to the western coast and separate the Deccan Plateau from the narrow coastal plain.

High-yield for mapping and physiography questions: it links to river origins, state boundaries, biodiversity hotspots and watershed patterns. Mastery helps eliminate wrong options in location and physical-region questions and connects to topics on rivers and ecology.

📚 Reading List :
  • INDIA PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT, Geography Class XI (NCERT 2025 ed.) > Chapter 2: Structure and Physiography > The Deccan Plateau > p. 12
  • Geography of India ,Majid Husain, (McGrawHill 9th ed.) > Chapter 2: Physiography > 7. The Western Ghats > p. 58
  • Geography of India ,Majid Husain, (McGrawHill 9th ed.) > Chapter 5: Natural Vegetation and National Parks > Western Ghats: A World Heritage Site > p. 55
🔗 Anchor: "Are the Amarkantak Hills in India located at the confluence of the Vindhya Range..."
📌 Adjacent topic to master
S1
👉 Amarkantak is associated with the Satpura highlands
💡 The insight

Amarkantak (approx. 1064 m) is identified as an important peak of the Satpura mountains.

Crucial for resolving common location confusions (confluence claims); helps answer questions on mountain ranges and source regions of rivers. Knowing specific peaks/ranges prevents misattribution to other ranges like Vindhya or Western Ghats.

📚 Reading List :
  • Geography of India ,Majid Husain, (McGrawHill 9th ed.) > Chapter 2: Physiography > 2. The South Central Highlands > p. 55
  • INDIA PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT, Geography Class XI (NCERT 2025 ed.) > Chapter 2: Structure and Physiography > The Deccan Plateau > p. 12
🔗 Anchor: "Are the Amarkantak Hills in India located at the confluence of the Vindhya Range..."
📌 Adjacent topic to master
S1
👉 Vindhya, Satpura and Maikal as central peninsular highland systems
💡 The insight

Vindhya, Satpura and Maikal ranges form the northern/central highland belt that bounds the Deccan Plateau to the north.

Important for conceptualizing peninsular physiography, drainage divides and plateau limits; useful in questions on regional geomorphology, river basins and historical-cultural geography tied to terrain.

📚 Reading List :
  • INDIA PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT, Geography Class XI (NCERT 2025 ed.) > Chapter 2: Structure and Physiography > The Deccan Plateau > p. 12
  • CONTEMPORARY INDIA-I ,Geography, Class IX . NCERT(Revised ed 2025) > Chapter 2: Physical Features of India > MAP SKILLS > p. 15
  • Geography of India ,Majid Husain, (McGrawHill 9th ed.) > Chapter 2: Physiography > 2. The South Central Highlands > p. 55
🔗 Anchor: "Are the Amarkantak Hills in India located at the confluence of the Vindhya Range..."
📌 Adjacent topic to master
S2
👉 Components of the Satpura Range
💡 The insight

Satpura is composed of sub-ranges such as the Rajpipla Hills, Mahadev (Mahadeo) Hills and the Maikal Range.

High-yield for questions on peninsular physiography because identifying constituent ranges clarifies continuity and limits of larger ranges; connects to mapping questions and to understanding links between uplands and river systems.

📚 Reading List :
  • Geography of India ,Majid Husain, (McGrawHill 9th ed.) > Chapter 2: Physiography > 2. The South Central Highlands > p. 55
  • Geography of India ,Majid Husain, (McGrawHill 9th ed.) > Chapter 2: Physiography > 2. The South Central Highlands > p. 54
🔗 Anchor: "Do the Biligirirangan (BR) Hills in India constitute the easternmost part of the..."
📌 Adjacent topic to master
S2
👉 Eastern extensions of the Peninsular Uplands
💡 The insight

The Maikal Range, Kaimur Hills and Mahadev/Maikal groups form the eastern extensions of central peninsular highlands.

Important for answering questions about how the Deccan plateau and Central Highlands continue eastward; helps differentiate distinct eastern hill systems versus isolated hill groups for location-based questions.

📚 Reading List :
  • CONTEMPORARY INDIA-I ,Geography, Class IX . NCERT(Revised ed 2025) > Chapter 2: Physical Features of India > The Peninsular Plateau > p. 12
  • INDIA PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT, Geography Class XI (NCERT 2025 ed.) > Chapter 2: Structure and Physiography > The Deccan Plateau > p. 12
  • Geography of India ,Majid Husain, (McGrawHill 9th ed.) > Chapter 2: Physiography > 2. The South Central Highlands > p. 54
🔗 Anchor: "Do the Biligirirangan (BR) Hills in India constitute the easternmost part of the..."
📌 Adjacent topic to master
S2
👉 Boundary and physiography of the Peninsular Plateau
💡 The insight

The Peninsular Block has defined northern boundaries and relict/residual mountain systems that determine the position of ranges like the Satpura.

Useful for integrative UPSC questions on physiographic divisions, drainage directions and inter-relationships of plateaus and ranges; aids in eliminating incorrect locational claims on maps and in descriptive answers.

📚 Reading List :
  • Geography of India ,Majid Husain, (McGrawHill 9th ed.) > Chapter 2: Physiography > Physiography and Relief Features of Peninsular India > p. 52
  • INDIA PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT, Geography Class XI (NCERT 2025 ed.) > Chapter 2: Structure and Physiography > THE PENINSULAR BLOCK > p. 8
  • INDIA PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT, Geography Class XI (NCERT 2025 ed.) > Chapter 2: Structure and Physiography > The Central Highlands > p. 13
🔗 Anchor: "Do the Biligirirangan (BR) Hills in India constitute the easternmost part of the..."
📌 Adjacent topic to master
S3
👉 Seshachalam Hills — Eastern Ghats affiliation
💡 The insight

Seshachalam Hills are a continuation of the Eastern Ghats in the Cuddapah and Anantapur districts.

High-yield for map and physiography questions: distinguishing which hill ranges belong to the Eastern Ghats versus Western Ghats helps in answering questions on regional geology, river systems and district/state-level geography. It enables elimination of wrong options about range affiliation in multiple-choice and analytical questions.

📚 Reading List :
  • Geography of India ,Majid Husain, (McGrawHill 9th ed.) > Chapter 2: Physiography > 8. The Eastern Ghats > p. 62
🔗 Anchor: "Do the Seshachalam Hills in India constitute the southernmost part of the Wester..."
🌑 The Hidden Trap

The 'Moyar Trench' or 'Moyar Valley'. Since they asked about BR Hills (the link), the next logical question is the physical separation feature between the Nilgiris and the Mysore Plateau/BR Hills. Also, look out for the 'Palghat Gap' separating Nilgiris and Anaimalai.

⚡ Elimination Cheat Code

Linguistic & Logic Hack: 'Seshachalam' is a distinctly Telugu name (associated with Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh). The Western Ghats run through MH, KA, KL, TN. They do not touch Andhra Pradesh. Therefore, Seshachalam cannot be Western Ghats. Statement 3 eliminated.

🔗 Mains Connection

Environment (GS3): The Biligirirangan Hills (BRT Tiger Reserve) act as a critical 'Tiger Gene Bridge' between the Western Ghats and Eastern Ghats populations. Geography dictates genetic diversity here.

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SIMILAR QUESTIONS

IAS · 2004 · Q61 Relevance score: 1.12

Consider the following: 1. Mahadeo Hills 2. Sahyadri Parvat 3. Satpura Range What is the correct sequence of the above from the north to the south?

CAPF · 2020 · Q97 Relevance score: 0.58

Consider the following statements : 1. River Kaveri has well developed valley 2. Valley of River Alakananda is still growing 3. River Krishna is largest east flow¬ing peninsular river Which of the statements given above is/are correct ?

CDS-I · 2005 · Q44 Relevance score: 0.08

Consider the following statements 1. Tista river flows through Arunachal Pradesh. 2. Tista river falls into the Brahmaputra. Which of the statements givern above is/are correct ?

CDS-I · 2016 · Q26 Relevance score: -0.02

Consider the following statements : 1. Most of the coal and the ferrous group of minerals in India occur in the peninsula, south of the Vindhyas 2. The peninsular India once formed part of the super-continent which included Australia, Antarctica, Africa and South America Which of the statements given above is / are correct ?

IAS · 2005 · Q54 Relevance score: -0.17

Consider the following statements: 1. Silent Valley National Park is in the Nallamalai range. 2. Pathrakkadavu Hydroelectric project is proposed to be built near the Silent Valley National Park. 3. The Kunthi river originates in Silent Valley’s rainforests. Which of the statements is/are correct?