Question map
The North Eastern Council (NEC) was established by the North Eastern Council Act, 1971. Subsequent to the amendment of NEC Act in 2002, the Council comprises which of the following members ? 1. Governor of the Constituent State 2. Chief Minister of the Constituent State 3. Three Members to be nominated by the President of India 4. The Home Minister of India Select the correct answer using the code given below :
Explanation
The correct answer is option A (1, 2 and 3 only).
The membership of the NEC is comprised of Governors and Chief Ministers of the constituent states of Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland, Tripura and Sikkim.[1] The North-Eastern Council (Amendment) Act, 2002 added Sikkim as the eighth member-State of the Council, envisaged functioning of the Council as a regional planning body for the north-eastern area and provisioned for three members and Chairman of the Council to be nominated by the President.[2]
Therefore, statements 1, 2, and 3 are correct - the NEC includes Governors of constituent states, Chief Ministers of constituent states, and three members nominated by the President of India. Statement 4 is incorrect as the Home Minister of India is not mentioned as a member in the provided sources. The 2002 amendment specifically brought about these compositional changes including the provision for Presidential nominees and the inclusion of Sikkim as the eighth member state.
Sources- [1] https://prsindia.org/billtrack/the-north-eastern-council-amendment-bill-2013
- [2] https://prsindia.org/files/bills_acts/bills_parliament/2013/SCR-North-Eastern_Council.pdf
PROVENANCE & STUDY PATTERN
Full viewThis is a 'Hidden Syllabus' question. While standard books (Laxmikanth) cover Zonal Councils in depth, they often summarize the NEC as merely 'created by 1971 Act' without detailing the crucial 2002 Amendment. The trap lies in assuming NEC follows the exact same 'Home Minister + CMs' structure as Zonal Councils, ignoring the unique inclusion of Governors and Nominated Members.
This question can be broken into the following sub-statements. Tap a statement sentence to jump into its detailed analysis.
- Statement 1: Does the membership of the North Eastern Council (NEC), as per the North Eastern Council Act, 1971 (as amended in 2002), include the Governor of each constituent state?
- Statement 2: Does the membership of the North Eastern Council (NEC), as per the North Eastern Council Act, 1971 (as amended in 2002), include the Chief Minister of each constituent state?
- Statement 3: Does the membership of the North Eastern Council (NEC), as per the North Eastern Council Act, 1971 (as amended in 2002), include three members nominated by the President of India?
- Statement 4: Does the membership of the North Eastern Council (NEC), as per the North Eastern Council Act, 1971 (as amended in 2002), include the Union Home Minister of India?
- Explicitly states who comprises the NEC membership, naming Governors and Chief Ministers.
- Lists the constituent states (including Sikkim), tying the membership statement to the Council created/updated by the Act and its amendment.
- Directly affirms that Governors are members of the Council.
- Notes the 2002 Amendment added Sikkim and refers to Governors and Chief Ministers as members after that amendment.
- Gives the same clear formulation: NEC members consist of the Governors and Chief Ministers of the eight member States.
- Confirms the membership composition in a regional/state government source.
Explicit listing of the NEC's members as the states (Assam, Manipur, Mizoram, Arunachal Pradesh, Nagaland, Meghalaya, Tripura and Sikkim) — wording names states rather than office-holders.
A student could infer that 'members' being listed as states suggests institutional/state membership (not automatically the Governor), and check the Act for whether membership is by state or by named office-holder.
Repeats that the North-Eastern Council was created by statute and lists member states, reinforcing the pattern of 'states' being the entities named as members.
Combine this repetition with reading of statutory membership clauses (in the Act) to test whether membership is attached to the state or to specific state officers (e.g., Governor or Chief Minister).
Notes that the Union Home Minister is nominated to be the common chairman of all the Zonal Councils — giving a pattern where central office-holders chair regional councils.
A student could use this pattern to suspect NEC leadership is likely a central nominee (not necessarily Governors), and so check whether the Act names a central chair or state Governors as members.
Classifies the NEC as a non-constitutional/advisory body similar to other councils — implying it follows the institutional patterns of such councils rather than being a forum for Governors specifically.
Using the general pattern of advisory councils (often composed of central and state executives), a student could look up comparable councils' compositions to infer likely types of members to compare with the NEC Act.
Describes special responsibilities assigned to Governors under various constitutional provisions for some North-Eastern states, showing Governors do have distinct statutory roles in the region.
A student could weigh the existence of special statutory Governor roles against the NEC's statutory membership wording: Governors have region-specific duties elsewhere, but that does not by itself prove NEC membership includes Governors.
- Explicitly states who comprises NEC membership, listing both Governors and Chief Ministers.
- Specifies the constituent states including Sikkim (reflecting the 2002 amendment).
- Confirms that Governors and Chief Ministers of constituent States are members of the Council.
- Mentions the North-Eastern Council (Amendment) Act, 2002 adding Sikkim as a member-state, tying the membership statement to the amended Act.
- Reiterates the composition: members consist of the Governors and the Chief Ministers of the eight member States.
- Specifies the eight member States, aligning with the post-2002 composition.
Describes membership pattern for Zonal Councils (statutory bodies): explicitly lists the chief ministers of all states in the zone as members.
A student could generalize that statutory inter‑state/regional councils created by Parliament often include state Chief Ministers and check whether the NEC (also a statutory council) follows the same membership model.
States that the North‑Eastern Council was created by a separate Act of Parliament (North‑Eastern Council Act, 1971) and lists its constituent states, paralleling the description of zonal councils.
Because the NEC is a separate statutory council like zonal councils, a student could infer it might adopt similar membership rules (and then verify the NEC Act text for confirmation).
Repeats that the NEC was created by statute and names the member states, reinforcing its similarity to other statutory regional councils.
Use the NEC's statutory nature (parity with zonal councils) to look up whether membership conventions (e.g., inclusion of CMs) used in zonal councils are applied to the NEC.
Gives membership of the Inter‑State Council — a central intergovernmental body — and shows that such councils commonly include Chief Ministers as members.
A student can treat this as an example that high‑level intergovernmental councils typically include chief ministers, making it plausible (but not proven) that NEC might likewise include CMs; then check the NEC Act for exact wording.
Notes that the NEC was set up under a statute to deal with common problems of specified northeastern states, highlighting its role as a regional coordinating body.
From the NEC's coordinating role (similar to zonal/inter‑state bodies that include CMs), a student could reasonably suspect inclusion of chief ministers and look up the Act for verification.
- Explicitly states the 2002 amendment provided for three members and the Chairman to be nominated by the President.
- Directly ties the North-Eastern Council (Amendment) Act, 2002 to the introduction of presidentially nominated members.
- Describes the main features of the 2002 amendment and shows it introduced presidential nomination powers for the Council's leadership.
- Corroborates that the 2002 amendment changed NEC membership/leadership to include presidential nominees (explicitly mentions nomination of the Chairman).
States that the NEC was created by a separate Act and explicitly lists its member States (Assam, Manipur, Mizoram, Arunachal Pradesh, Nagaland, Meghalaya, Tripura and Sikkim).
A student could note that the Act’s primary membership appears state-based and check whether additional nominated central/presidential members are mentioned elsewhere in the Act (or absent from such state lists).
Repeats the NEC’s creation and the list of constituent States, reinforcing that membership emphasis is state representation.
Use this repetition to justify looking up the Act’s membership clauses for any extra non-state nominees (e.g., presidential nominees).
Notes that the Union Home Minister is nominated as common chairman of all Zonal Councils, showing Acts/arrangements often specify nominated central office-holders as part of council composition.
A student can infer central nomination powers exist for similar bodies and therefore should check whether the NEC’s statute assigns nomination powers to the Prime Minister, President, or specific Ministers.
Describes that inter-state bodies often include central ministers nominated by the Prime Minister (example: six Central cabinet ministers nominated by PM).
This pattern suggests nomination of central members typically flows from the PM or central executive; so a student could contrast this with the NEC to see if the President (rather than PM) is the nominating authority.
Lists the NEC among non-constitutional advisory bodies akin to zonal councils, implying membership structures may follow similar patterns to zonal/inter-state councils.
A student could compare the statutory membership clauses of zonal councils (where central nominations are by PM/Home Minister) with the NEC Act to test whether the NEC uniquely provides presidential nominations.
Describes a general pattern for Zonal Councils: the Central Government's Home Minister is explicitly a member of each zonal council.
A student could use this pattern (Home Minister = member/chair of zonal bodies) and then compare the NEC Act's membership list to see if the NEC follows the same pattern or differs.
States that the Union Home Minister has been nominated as the common chairman of all Zonal Councils and separately notes the North-Eastern Council is set up under its own Act.
A student could note the explicit role of the Home Minister for zonal bodies and then check whether the separate statutory scheme for the NEC includes a similar nomination.
Gives an example (Inter-State Council) where the Union Home Minister is listed as Chairman of a national inter-state body, showing a recurring practice of Home Minister leadership in inter-state forums.
Apply this recurring-practice clue to hypothesize that many inter-state/statutory regional bodies name the Home Minister; then verify if the NEC Act follows this practice.
Explicitly lists the NEC members as the North-Eastern states (Assam, Manipur, Mizoram, Arunachal Pradesh, Nagaland, Meghalaya, Tripura and Sikkim) without mentioning central minister(s).
A student could take this enumerated membership as suggestive that NEC membership is state-centric and then inspect the NEC Act's membership clauses to confirm presence or absence of the Home Minister.
Repeats that NEC was created by a separate Act and lists its member states, again showing a statutory body with a clear state-member list.
Use this duplicate example to strengthen the expectation that NEC membership might be defined differently from zonal councils (which include the Home Minister), prompting direct examination of the NEC Act.
- [THE VERDICT]: Trap/Bouncer. Standard sources mention the NEC exists but rarely detail the '3 Nominated Members' or the specific inclusion of Governors vs. Zonal Councils. You needed the 2002 Amendment details.
- [THE CONCEPTUAL TRIGGER]: Statutory Bodies & Federalism. Specifically, the distinction between 'Zonal Councils' (States Reorganisation Act, 1956) and the 'North Eastern Council' (NEC Act, 1971).
- [THE HORIZONTAL EXPANSION]: Memorize the 'Council Composition Matrix': 1. Zonal Councils: Home Minister (Chair) + CMs + 2 Ministers. 2. Inter-State Council: PM (Chair) + CMs + 6 Union Ministers. 3. NEC: Home Minister (Ex-officio Chair) + DoNER Minister (Vice-Chair) + Governors + CMs + 3 Presidential Nominees.
- [THE STRATEGIC METACOGNITION]: Comparative Reading. Never read about the NEC in isolation. Always ask: 'How does this differ from the Zonal Councils I just studied?' The presence of Governors in NEC (unlike Zonal) is the critical differentiator.
NEC was established by a specific Act of Parliament (the North-Eastern Council Act, 1971), so its composition and functions derive from statute.
High-yield for governance and federalism questions: knowing the legal basis helps answer queries about powers, composition and accountability of regional bodies; links to Parliament's legislative competence and regional planning mechanisms.
- Indian Polity, M. Laxmikanth(7th ed.) > Chapter 16: Inter-State Relations > ZONAL COUNCILS > p. 171
- Laxmikanth, M. Indian Polity. 7th ed., McGraw Hill. > Chapter 16: Inter State Relations > ZONAL COUNCILS > p. 171
- Introduction to the Constitution of India, D. D. Basu (26th ed.). > Chapter 27: INTER-STATE RELATIONS > I. Inter-State Comity > p. 407
Membership is expressed by naming the constituent units of the North-Eastern region (Assam, Manipur, Mizoram, Arunachal Pradesh, Nagaland, Meghalaya, Tripura, Sikkim), which frames interpretation of who or what represents the region on the Council.
Useful for distinguishing membership defined by territory versus membership by office-holders; helps tackle MCQs and mains questions on institutional composition and representation in regional councils.
- Indian Polity, M. Laxmikanth(7th ed.) > Chapter 16: Inter-State Relations > ZONAL COUNCILS > p. 171
- Laxmikanth, M. Indian Polity. 7th ed., McGraw Hill. > Chapter 16: Inter State Relations > ZONAL COUNCILS > p. 171
NEC is listed among non-constitutional advisory bodies used for Centre–region coordination and planning.
Important for questions on mechanisms beyond constitutional institutions; connects to centre–region relations, advisory councils, and policy implementation—areas frequently examined in polity and governance papers.
- Indian Polity, M. Laxmikanth(7th ed.) > Chapter 15: Centre-State Relations > 11. Extra-Constitutional Devices > p. 151
- Laxmikanth, M. Indian Polity. 7th ed., McGraw Hill. > Chapter 15: Centre State Relations > 11. Extra-Constitutional Devices > p. 151
NEC was created by a separate Act (North-Eastern Council Act, 1971) and lists the constituent states such as Assam, Manipur, Mizoram, Arunachal Pradesh, Nagaland, Meghalaya, Tripura and Sikkim.
High-yield for polity questions about statutory regional bodies: knowing the statute of creation and the exact member states helps answer questions on institutional mandate and regional groupings; it connects to broader topics on Centre–State institutions and regional planning bodies.
- Indian Polity, M. Laxmikanth(7th ed.) > Chapter 16: Inter-State Relations > ZONAL COUNCILS > p. 171
- Laxmikanth, M. Indian Polity. 7th ed., McGraw Hill. > Chapter 16: Inter State Relations > ZONAL COUNCILS > p. 171
- Introduction to the Constitution of India, D. D. Basu (26th ed.). > Chapter 27: INTER-STATE RELATIONS > I. Inter-State Comity > p. 407
Zonal councils are statutory bodies established by parliamentary acts; the NEC is separately established by its own Act, highlighting differences in origin and possible composition rules.
Important for distinguishing types of inter-governmental bodies in India (statutory vs. constitutional); helps in answering questions on legal basis, authority and membership of regional councils and comparing them with constitutional bodies.
- Laxmikanth, M. Indian Polity. 7th ed., McGraw Hill. > Chapter 16: Inter State Relations > ZONAL COUNCILS > p. 170
- Indian Polity, M. Laxmikanth(7th ed.) > Chapter 16: Inter-State Relations > ZONAL COUNCILS > p. 171
Zonal councils and the Inter-State Council are described as including the Chief Ministers of member units, which is conceptually relevant when evaluating whether a similar composition applies to NEC.
Useful for pattern-recognition questions: knowing that many inter-governmental councils include chief ministers enables targeted comparison questions (e.g., which bodies include CMs); links to Centre–State relations and Article 263 bodies.
- Laxmikanth, M. Indian Polity. 7th ed., McGraw Hill. > Chapter 16: Inter State Relations > ZONAL COUNCILS > p. 170
- Laxmikanth, M. Indian Polity. 7th ed., McGraw Hill. > Chapter 16: Inter State Relations > INTER-STATE COUNCILS > p. 168
The NEC was established by a dedicated Act of Parliament in 1971 as the regional statutory body for the North-East.
High-yield for polity and regional governance topics: questions often ask which bodies are statutory versus extra-constitutional. Connects to zonal councils, Centre–region coordination, and laws that create institutional frameworks.
- Indian Polity, M. Laxmikanth(7th ed.) > Chapter 16: Inter-State Relations > ZONAL COUNCILS > p. 171
- Laxmikanth, M. Indian Polity. 7th ed., McGraw Hill. > Chapter 16: Inter State Relations > ZONAL COUNCILS > p. 171
- Introduction to the Constitution of India, D. D. Basu (26th ed.). > Chapter 27: INTER-STATE RELATIONS > I. Inter-State Comity > p. 407
The Vice-Chairman. While the Home Minister is the Chairman (ex-officio), the Minister of Development of North Eastern Region (DoNER) acts as the Vice-Chairman. This specific hierarchy is a likely future statement.
Use the 'Article 371 Logic'. In the North East, Governors have special constitutional powers (e.g., Nagaland, Arunachal). Therefore, a regional council for the NE *cannot* function effectively with just Chief Ministers (like normal Zonal Councils). Governors *must* be members. This logic validates Statement 1 immediately.
Mains GS-3 (Internal Security): The inclusion of 'Governors' in the NEC isn't just administrative; it's a security bridge. Under Article 371 series, NE Governors have special responsibilities for law and order, necessitating their presence in the regional council, unlike in peaceful zones.