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Q80 (IAS/2025) Geography › Maps & Locations › Regional political geography Answer Verified

Consider the following pairs : I. Mallorca : Italy II. Normandy : Spain III. Sardinia : France In how many of the above rows is the given information correctly matched?

Result
Your answer: —  ·  Correct: D
Explanation

None of the three pairs are correctly matched.

**Pair I (Mallorca : Italy) - INCORRECT**
Mallorca is the largest island of the Balearic Islands (part[1] of Spain), situated east of the Iberian[2] Peninsula in the Mediterranean Sea. Therefore, Mallorca belongs to Spain, not Italy.

**Pair II (Normandy : Spain) - INCORRECT**
Le Havre, France is located in the Upper Normandy region along the northern coastline of the country.[3] This confirms that Normandy is a region of France, not Spain.

**Pair III (Sardinia : France) - INCORRECT**
Sardinia is actually an autonomous region and island of Italy, located in the Mediterranean Sea. It is not part of France.

Since none of the three pairs show correct country associations, the answer is **Option D: None**.

Sources
  1. [1] https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/webapps/planet-pen/Images/EO/eo_image_list.txt
  2. [2] https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/webapps/planet-pen/Images/EO/eo_image_list.txt
  3. [3] https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/webapps/planet-pen/Images/EO/eo_image_list.txt
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PROVENANCE & STUDY PATTERN
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Q. Consider the following pairs : I. Mallorca : Italy II. Normandy : Spain III. Sardinia : France In how many of the above rows is the g…
At a glance
Origin: Mostly Current Affairs Fairness: Low / Borderline fairness Books / CA: 0/10 · 6.7/10
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This is a classic 'Atlas meets History' question. While it looks like a location query, the answers lie in standard World History NCERTs (Italian Unification, Norman Conquest). It rewards the habit of opening an Atlas whenever a historical region is mentioned in static texts.

How this question is built

This question can be broken into the following sub-statements. Tap a statement sentence to jump into its detailed analysis.

Statement 1
Is the island of Mallorca (Balearic Islands) part of Italy?
Origin: Web / Current Affairs Fairness: CA heavy Web-answerable

Web source
Presence: 5/5
"This capital city of the Balearic Islands (part of Spain) is"
Why this source?
  • Explicitly identifies the Balearic Islands as part of Spain.
  • Mentions Palma (on Mallorca) in context of the Balearic Islands being Spanish.
Web source
Presence: 5/5
"situated on the largest island of Mallorca, east of the Iberian Peninsula in the Mediterranean Sea."
Why this source?
  • States Palma is situated on the largest island of Mallorca and places it geographically east of the Iberian Peninsula.
  • Notes historical context 'before becoming a province of Spain,' tying Mallorca to Spain.
Web source
Presence: 5/5
"Island of Ibiza, Spain" ... "The island of Ibiza (Eivissa in the native Catalan language) is located off of the southeastern coast of Spain, and is part of the Balearic archipelago."
Why this source?
  • Labels Ibiza explicitly as 'Island of Ibiza, Spain' and says it is part of the Balearic archipelago.
  • Reinforces that islands of the Balearic archipelago (which includes Mallorca) are Spanish, not Italian.

Certificate Physical and Human Geography , GC Leong (Oxford University press 3rd ed.) > Chapter 11: Islands and Coral Reefs > Gontinental islands > p. 97
Strength: 5/5
“Some of the outstanding examples are Newfoundland, separated from the mainland by the Fig. 1 1 .1 Continental island Strait of Belle Isle; Malagasy, by the Mozambique Channel; Sri Lanka by the Palk Strait; Tasmania by the Bass Strait and Taiwan by the Formosa Strait. 2. Archipelagos or island groups. These comprise groups of islands of varying sizes and shapes, e.g. the British Isles, the Balearic. Islands of the Mediterranean and also those of the Aegean Sea. 3. Festoons or islgnd arcs. The islands form an archipelago in the shape of a loop around the edge of the mainland, marking the continuation of mountain ranges which can be traced on the continent, e.g. the East Indies, the Aleutian Islands, Ryukyu Islands, Kurile Islands and other island arcs of the Pacific coasts.”
Why relevant

Lists the Balearic Islands as an example of an archipelago of the Mediterranean, implying Mallorca (a Balearic island) is in the Mediterranean Sea rather than in the Atlantic or other oceans.

How to extend

A student could use a Mediterranean map to locate the Balearic Islands and then compare political borders to see which country administers them.

Certificate Physical and Human Geography , GC Leong (Oxford University press 3rd ed.) > Chapter 11: Islands and Coral Reefs > Oceanic islands > p. 98
Strength: 4/5
“In the Atlantic are the Azores, Ascension, St. Helena, Madeira and the Canary Islands. Those of the Indian Ocean are Mauritius and Reunion. In the Antarctic Ocean are the South Sandwich Islands, Bouvet Island and many others (Plate 11.A). 2. Coral islands. Unlike the volcanic islands, the coral islands are very much lower and emerge just above the water surface. These islands, built up by coral animals of various species, are found both near the shores of the mainland and in the midst of oceans. Coral islands include the Marshall Islands, Gilbert and Ellice Islands of the Pacific; Bermuda in the Atlantic and the Laccadives and Maldives of the Indian Ocean.”
Why relevant

Classifies islands by ocean/region (Atlantic, Indian, Antarctic), indicating that knowing an island's sea/region is a key step to identifying its national affiliation.

How to extend

Locate Mallorca in the Mediterranean region (per [1]) and then check which Mediterranean coastal state administers nearby islands.

Certificate Physical and Human Geography , GC Leong (Oxford University press 3rd ed.) > Chapter 11: Islands and Coral Reefs > Ouestions and Exercises > p. 102
Strength: 4/5
“• 1. Give a concise classification of the islands of the world. Quote actual examples of islands to justify your proposed classification. • 2. The following are some of the islands of the world. State in which part of the globe they are found. For any three of them, account for their probable origin: continental or oceanic. • • • • • • St. Helena; 8. (a) Define 'archipelagos', 'festoons' and 'bar-Hawaiian Islands: rier reefs'.• Crete. (b) Locate in a world map an example of each• differences between them. diagrams to illustrate their characteristic • • • (a) continental islands; gent peak of a volcanic island.• (b) archipelagos; (c) Much of the flora and fauna of continental (c) oceanic islands; islands is similar to that of the adjoining (d) coral polyps; mainland.• (e) fringing reefs; 10”
Why relevant

Provides examples/exercises about locating specific islands (e.g., Crete) on a world map and classifying island groups, showing that map-location exercises help determine political belonging.

How to extend

Apply the same map-locating exercise to Mallorca to see its proximity to particular countries.

Physical Geography by PMF IAS, Manjunath Thamminidi, PMF IAS (1st ed.) > Chapter 11: Volcanism > 3) Strombolian Eruption > p. 145
Strength: 3/5
“• Strombolian eruption is named after the Stromboli Volcano (Lipari Islands, Italy) (famously known as the lighthouse of the Mediterranean). It has been erupting continuously for centuries.• Strombolian eruptions are driven by episodic explosive eruptions (erupts once in every few minutes fountain-like eruption) due to the continuous formation of large gas bubbles within the magma. Upon reaching the surface, the bubbles burst with a loud pop, throwing magma in the air.”
Why relevant

Mentions the Lipari Islands as an example of Italian islands in the Mediterranean, illustrating that multiple Mediterranean island groups belong to different countries (some to Italy).

How to extend

Compare the location of Lipari (an Italian island group) with the Balearic group to note they are distinct and may belong to different states.

Statement analysis

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Statement analysis

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