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Consider the following pairs : State # Description I. Arunachal Pradesh : The capital is named after a fort, and the State has two National Parks II. Nagaland : The State came into existence on the basis of a Constitutional Amendment Act III. Tripura : Initially a Part 'C' State, it became a centrally administered territory with the reorganization of States in 1956 and later attained the status of a full-fledged State How many of the above pairs are correctly matched?
Explanation
PROVENANCE & STUDY PATTERN
Guest previewThis is a 'Tri-brid' question merging Culture (Etymology of Itanagar), Environment (National Park counts), and Polity (Legal basis of Statehood). It punishes siloed study—you cannot just read Laxmikanth and ignore the map or cultural history. The trap in Pair II (Act vs Amendment) is a classic constitutional nuance often missed in rote learning.
This question can be broken into the following sub-statements. Tap a statement sentence to jump into its detailed analysis.
Web source
Presence: 5/5
"The capital of the state is Itanagar in Papum Pare district. Itanagar is named after ‘Ita fort’, meaning ‘fort of bricks’, built in the 14th Century AD."
Why this source?
- Official-looking government PDF explicitly states the origin of the name.
- Gives the exact name connection: Itanagar is named after 'Ita fort' and explains meaning and era.
- Official-looking government PDF explicitly states the origin of the name.
- Gives the exact name connection: Itanagar is named after 'Ita fort' and explains meaning and era.
Introduction to the Constitution of India, D. D. Basu (26th ed.). > Chapter 35: TABLES > TERRITORY OF INDIA > p. 506
Strength: 4/5
“The capital cities are: Andaman and Nicobar Islands - Port Blair; Andhra Pradesh - Amaravati; Telangana - Hyderabad; Arunachal Pradesh — Itanagar; Assam — Dispur; Bihar — Patna; Chandigarh — Chandigarh; Chhattisgarh — Raipur; Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu - Daman; Delhi - Delhi; Goa - Panaji; Gujarat - Gandhinagar; Haryana - Chandigarh; Himachal Pradesh - Shimla; Jammu and Kashmir - Srinagar; Iharkhand - Ranchi; Karnataka - Bangalore; Kerala - Trivandrum; Lakshadweep - Kavaratti; Madhya Pradesh — Bhopal: Maharashtra — Mumbai; Manipur — Imphal; Meghalaya — Shillong; Mizoram — Aizwal; Nagaland — Kohima; Odisha - Bhubaneswar; Puducherry - Puducherry; Punjab - Chandigarh; Rajasthan - Jaipur; Sikkim - Gangtok; Tamil Nadu - Chennai; Tripura — Agartala; Uttar Pradesh — Lucknow; Uttarakhand — Dehra Dun; West Bengal — Kolkata. • Substituted for Bombay by the Bombay Reorganisation Act (11 of 1960), section 4 (w.e.f.”
Why relevant
Confirms the existence and identity of 'Itanagar' as the capital of Arunachal Pradesh, giving a concrete target for any toponymic origin inquiry.
How to extend
A student can locate Ita Fort on a map relative to Itanagar and check historical references for naming links.
History , class XI (Tamilnadu state board 2024 ed.) > Chapter 12: Bahmani and Vijayanagar Kingdoms > Mohammed Gawan > p. 178
Strength: 5/5
“Golkonda Fort: The Raja Krishna Dev of the Kakatiya dynasty with Warangal as capital constructed the Golkonda Fort on a granite hill. During 1495-1496 the fort was handed over to Sultan Kali Kutub Khan as a Jagir (land grant). He reconstructed and rechristened the mud fort into a granite fort and called the place Muhammad Nagar. Later, the Golkonda fort came into the possession of the Bahmani dynasty. Still later, the Qutb Shahi dynasty took over and made Golkonda its capital. The Golkonda Fort is located about 11 kms from Hyderabad on a hill 120 meters high. The Golkonda Fort is popular for its acoustic architecture.”
Why relevant
Gives a clear example (Golkonda → Muhammad Nagar) where a fort/place was renamed or the settlement name changed around a fort, illustrating the common pattern of settlements being named after forts or their builders.
How to extend
Apply this pattern: check whether local histories record a fort influencing the later town name 'Itanagar' or an older settlement named 'Ita'.
Rajiv Ahir. A Brief History of Modern India (2019 ed.). SPECTRUM. > Chapter 3: Advent of the Europeans in India > Charter of Queen Elizabeth I > p. 40
Strength: 4/5
“A zamindar in Bardhaman district, Sobha Singh, rebelled, subsequently giving the English the pretext they were looking for, to fortify their settlement at Sutanuti in 1696. In 1698, the English succeeded in getting the permission to buy the zamindari of the three villages of Sutanuti, Gobindapur and Kalikata (Kalighat) from their owners on payment of Rs 1,200. The fortified settlement was named Fort William in the year 1700 when it also became the seat of the eastern presidency (Calcutta) with Sir Charles Eyre as its first president.”
Why relevant
Shows another explicit example (Fort William → seat of Calcutta) where a fortified settlement's name became the place-name and administrative centre, reinforcing that forts often give names to urban centres.
How to extend
Use this pattern to hypothesize that Itanagar could similarly derive from a fort named 'Ita' and then search historical records or maps for such a sequence.
Exploring Society:India and Beyond ,Social Science, Class VIII . NCERT(Revised ed 2025) > Chapter 2: Reshaping India’s Political Map > DON'T MISS OUT > p. 31
Strength: 3/5
“Kumbhalgarh Fort (Fig. 2.10) was built by Rana Kumbha in the 15th century in the Aravalli hills and served as a stronghold for the rulers of Mewar, a prominent Rajput kingdom (in the central and southern parts of today's Rajasthan). Surrounded by forests and steep slopes, it is famous for its massive 36-kilometre-long wall, one of the longest continuous walls in the world.”
Why relevant
Describes prominent forts (Kumbhalgarh) as central strongholds associated with regional identity, implying forts frequently serve as naming anchors for regions or towns.
How to extend
A student could check whether Ita Fort was a prominent local stronghold whose name could plausibly transfer to the adjacent settlement now called Itanagar.
Indian Polity, M. Laxmikanth(7th ed.) > Chapter 6: Union and Its Territory > New States and Union Territories Created After 1956 > p. 57
Strength: 2/5
“The United Provinces was the first state to have a new name. It was renamed 'Uttar Pradesh' in 1950. In 1969, Madras was renamed 'Tamil Nadu'. Similarly, in 1973, Mysore was renamed 'Karnataka'. In the same year, Lakshadweep, Minicoy and Andmini Islands were renamed 'Lakshadweep'.”
Why relevant
Notes that place and administrative names have been changed or renamed historically (states/islands), indicating that names can shift and may derive from historical features or constructions.
How to extend
Use this to motivate checking historical administrative records or gazetteers for any official renaming that tied Itanagar's name to Ita Fort.
Confirms the existence and identity of 'Itanagar' as the capital of Arunachal Pradesh, giving a concrete target for any toponymic origin inquiry.
A student can locate Ita Fort on a map relative to Itanagar and check historical references for naming links.
Gives a clear example (Golkonda → Muhammad Nagar) where a fort/place was renamed or the settlement name changed around a fort, illustrating the common pattern of settlements being named after forts or their builders.
Apply this pattern: check whether local histories record a fort influencing the later town name 'Itanagar' or an older settlement named 'Ita'.
Shows another explicit example (Fort William → seat of Calcutta) where a fortified settlement's name became the place-name and administrative centre, reinforcing that forts often give names to urban centres.
Use this pattern to hypothesize that Itanagar could similarly derive from a fort named 'Ita' and then search historical records or maps for such a sequence.
Describes prominent forts (Kumbhalgarh) as central strongholds associated with regional identity, implying forts frequently serve as naming anchors for regions or towns.
A student could check whether Ita Fort was a prominent local stronghold whose name could plausibly transfer to the adjacent settlement now called Itanagar.
Notes that place and administrative names have been changed or renamed historically (states/islands), indicating that names can shift and may derive from historical features or constructions.
Use this to motivate checking historical administrative records or gazetteers for any official renaming that tied Itanagar's name to Ita Fort.
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