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With reference to Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs), consider the following statements: 1. All types of UAVs can do vertical landing. 2. All types of UAVs can do automated hovering. 3. All types of UAVs can use battery only as a source of power supply. How many of the statements given above are correct?
Explanation
None of the three statements are correct.
UAVs are robotic vehicles that can carry payloads and execute flying missions guided either by remote control or autonomously[1], but they come in various types with different capabilities.
**Statement 1 is incorrect** because not all UAV types can perform vertical landing. Fixed-wing UAVs, which operate like traditional airplanes, require forward motion and runways or horizontal landing strips. Only rotary-wing UAVs (like quadcopters) and VTOL (Vertical Take-Off and Landing) variants can land vertically.
**Statement 2 is incorrect** because automated hovering is primarily a capability of multi-rotor and rotary-wing UAVs. Fixed-wing UAVs cannot hover as they must maintain forward airspeed to generate lift and stay airborne.
**Statement 3 is incorrect** because UAVs use electric battery[2] as one power source, but not exclusively. UAVs can be powered by various systems including internal combustion engines, fuel cells[3], and hybrid power systems[4]. Different applications require different power solutions based on endurance and payload requirements.
Sources- [1] https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/computer-science/unmanned-aerial-vehicle
- [2] https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/engineering/unmanned-aerial-vehicle
- [3] https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/engineering/unmanned-aerial-vehicle
- [4] https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-025-32313-2_reference.pdf
PROVENANCE & STUDY PATTERN
Guest previewThis is less a test of technical trivia and more a test of logical validity using the 'Extreme Statement' heuristic. The presence of 'All types' in every statement is a massive red flag. You don't need to know specific drone models; you just need to know that 'drones' include both mini-helicopters (quadcopters) and airplane-like vehicles (fixed-wing).
This question can be broken into the following sub-statements. Tap a statement sentence to jump into its detailed analysis.
- Statement 1: Are all types of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) capable of vertical landing?
- Statement 2: Are all types of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) capable of automated hovering?
- Statement 3: Can all types of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) operate using only batteries as their sole power source?
Says an aeroplane can reach remote places provided a landing place is available — implying some aircraft require a prepared landing area (runway) rather than vertical touchdown.
A student could combine this with basic knowledge that many UAVs are fixed-wing like aeroplanes to suspect fixed‑wing UAVs generally need runways and hence cannot land vertically without special design.
Discusses landing rights and major air terminals with sophisticated equipment, implying conventional aircraft operations rely on airports/landing infrastructure.
Use this to reason that vehicles designed for conventional airport operations (including some UAVs) are unlikely to perform vertical landings without different infrastructure or design.
Explains vertical motion under gravity — establishes the concept of 'vertical' motion as distinct and requiring controlled up/down movement.
A student can combine this physics idea with aircraft control requirements to infer vertical landing needs specific thrust/vectoring or rotors, unlike standard forward-flight fixed‑wing control.
Contrasts vertical-axis vs horizontal-axis designs, showing that axis/orientation of rotating components affects motion characteristics.
Extend this to aircraft propulsion/rotor design: vertical-axis (rotorcraft/VTOL) enable vertical lift, whereas horizontal-axis (conventional propellers/engines) support forward flight and not necessarily vertical landing.
Mentions development of an unmanned probe (Chandrayaan) — an example of an unmanned vehicle built for specific mission profiles, implying diversity in unmanned vehicle designs and functions.
Combine this with the fact that different unmanned designs serve different roles to conclude not all UAVs share the same landing capability; some are not intended to land vertically or at all.
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