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Q26 (IAS/2026) Environment & Ecology › Biodiversity & Protected Areas Official Key

Consider the following statements about Rhynchostylis retusa (Foxtail orchid):
1. It is an epiphytic orchid.
2. The species is endemic to North-east India.
3. It is the State flower of Arunachal Pradesh and Assam.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

Result
Your answer: —  ·  Correct: B

Explanation

Statement 1 is correct: Rhynchostylis retusa (commonly known as the Foxtail orchid) is an epiphytic orchid. Epiphytes are plants that grow on the surface of other plants (such as tree trunks) in open forests or forest margins, deriving their moisture and nutrients from the air, rain, and surrounding debris rather than from the soil.

Statement 2 is incorrect: The species is not endemic to North-east India. It has a very wide geographical distribution and is found across tropical Asia, including India, Sri Lanka, Nepal, Bhutan, China, Indochina, Malaysia, Indonesia, and the Philippines.

Statement 3 is correct: Rhynchostylis retusa is the officially recognized State flower of both Arunachal Pradesh and Assam. In Assam, it is locally called Kopou Phul and holds immense cultural significance, especially as it is traditionally worn as a hair ornament by dancers during the Rongali Bihu festival.

Therefore, only statements 1 and 3 are correct.

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