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Q15 (IAS/2026) History & Culture › Culture, Literature, Religion & Philosophy Official Key

Among the four main forms of existence of life recognized in Jainism, which one of the following is not included?

Result
Your answer: —  ·  Correct: B

Explanation

In Jainism, the cycle of birth and death (Samsara) involves the soul (Jiva) taking birth in one of the four states of existence, known as Gati. These four main forms are:

  1. Deva Gati: Heavenly beings or gods.
  2. Manushya Gati: Human beings.
  3. Tiryanch Gati: Animals, plants, and microorganisms.
  4. Naraka Gati: Hellish beings.

Yaksha (demi-gods) is not one of the four primary states of existence. In Jain cosmology, Yakshas and Yakshinis are attendant deities associated with the Tirthankaras and are categorized under specific classes of Devas (such as Vyantara Devas), rather than being a separate main form of existence. Therefore, Yaksha is the correct answer.

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