UPSC Mains 2020 GS2 Q16 — Poverty and Hunger
"The incedence and intensity of poverty are more important in determining poverty based on income alone". In this context analyse the latest United Nations Multidimensional Poverty Index Report. (Answer in 250 words)
Question Decoded — examiner's intent
- Directive verbs
- analyse
- Scope keywords
- incidence and intensity of povertypoverty based on income alonelatest United Nations Multidimensional Poverty Index Report
- Implicit sub-parts
- Conceptual shift from monetary to deprivations-based measurement of poverty.
- Explanation of the MPI methodology (Incidence 'H' x Intensity 'A').
- Key findings of the latest UN MPI Report with specific reference to India's performance.
- Limitations of income-only metrics in capturing systemic vulnerabilities and structural inequality.
- Policy implications of using multidimensional data for targeted interventions.
- Common pitfalls
- Defining poverty solely through the poverty line/income brackets without mentioning the 3 dimensions and 10 indicators of MPI.
- Failing to distinguish between 'Incidence' (how many are poor) and 'Intensity' (how poor they are).
- Generic discussion on poverty schemes (like MGNREGA) without linking them to specific MPI indicators like nutrition or cooking fuel.
- Omitting the specific success story of India (e.g., millions exiting poverty) as highlighted in recent UNDP/OPHI reports.
- Dimensions required
- Statistical/MethodologicalSocio-economic (Health, Education, Standard of Living)Global vs. National PerformancePolicy and Governance
- Marks allocation hint
Dedicate 50 words to the conceptual contrast between income and multidimensionality. Allocate 100 words to analyze the latest report's specific data points and India-specific trends. Use the final 100 words to discuss the significance of intensity/incidence for policy precision and provide a forward-looking conclusion.
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