UPSC Mains 2020 GS3 Q16 — Renewable energy
Describe the benefits of deriving electric energy from sunlight in contrast to the conventional energy generation. What are the initiatives offered by our Government for this purpose? (Answer in 250 words)
Question Decoded — examiner's intent
- Directive verbs
- Describe
- Scope keywords
- electric energy from sunlightcontrast to the conventional energy generationinitiatives offered by our Government
- Implicit sub-parts
- Comparative analysis of environmental, economic, and strategic benefits of solar vs thermal/hydro/nuclear.
- Categorization of Government initiatives into financial incentives, infrastructure development, and international collaborations.
- Current bottlenecks or practical challenges that explain why government intervention is necessary.
- Common pitfalls
- Listing general benefits of solar energy without making the specific 'contrast' to conventional sources (coal/gas).
- Failing to mention specific schemes by name, such as KUSUM, ISA, or PLI schemes, and staying too vague.
- Ignoring the 'grid stability' and 'intermittency' aspect when discussing the contrast with base-load conventional power.
- Focusing only on environmental benefits while neglecting the strategic importance of energy security and reducing import bills.
- Dimensions required
- Environmental SustainabilityEconomic ViabilityEnergy SecurityTechnological/InfrastructurePolicy/Governance
- Marks allocation hint
Spend approximately 100 words on the comparative benefits, using a thematic contrast (e.g., carbon footprint, fuel cost, gestation period). Devote 120 words to a structured list of government initiatives across various sectors (residential, agricultural, industrial). Use the final 30 words for a forward-looking conclusion linking solar to India's Net Zero 2070 goal.
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